Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32763754›Full record

SynthesisRespiratory medicine2020

Underlying respiratory diseases, specifically COPD, and smoking are associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diana C Sanchez-Ramirez, Denise Mackey

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Respiratory medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hospitalised Current Smokers and COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
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  10. Real-world effectiveness of early remdesivir in reducing mortality among vulnerable patients hospitalized for COVID-19: Evidence for clinical pharmacists and inpatient care providers.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2026
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  20. Comparative analysis of COVID-19-related mortality risk in chronic lower respiratory disease and interstitial lung disease.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2024
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26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Diana C Sanchez-RamirezDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address: Diana.Sanchez-Ramirez@umanitoba.ca.
Denise MackeyDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address: Denise.Mackey@umanitoba.ca.
University of Manitoba · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAn outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly reaching over 3 million of confirmed cases worldwide. The association of respiratory diseases and smoking, both highly prevalent globally, with COVID-19 severity has not been elucidated. Given the gap in the evidence and the growing prevalence of COVID-19, the objective of this study was to explore the association of underlying respiratory diseases and smoking with severe outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection.

methodsA systematic search was performed to identify studies reporting prevalence of respiratory diseases and/or smoking in relation with disease severity in patients with confirm COVID-19, published between January 1 to April 15, 2020 in English language. Pooled odds-ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.

findingsTwenty two studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies presented data of 13,184 COVID-19 patients (55% males). Patients with severe outcomes were older and a larger percentage were males compared with the non-severe. Pooled analysis showed that prevalence of respiratory diseases (OR 4.21; 95% CI, 2.9-6.0) and smoking (current smoking OR 1.98; 95% CI, 1.16-3.39 and former smoking OR 3.46; 95% CI, 2.46-4.85) were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes.

interpretationResults suggested that underlying respiratory diseases, specifically COPD, and smoking were associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes. These findings may support the planning of preventive interventions and could contribute to improvements in the assessment and management of patient risk factors in clinical practice, leading to the mitigation of severe outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Indexed as

Coronavirus InfectionsPandemicsPneumonia, ViralComorbidityCOVID-19HumansOutcome Assessment, Health CarePrevalencePulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRisk FactorsSeverity of Illness IndexSmokingSmoking Prevention

Identifiers

PMID32763754
PMCPMC7391124
OpenAlexW3045514076

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.