ArticleBMC plant biology2020
Molecular characterization of an anthocyanin-related glutathione S-transferase gene in Japanese gentian with the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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20 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering plant architecture in the ornamental species Eustoma grandiflorum by knockout of strigolactone biosynthesis.Plant cell reports · 2026Article
- Mutagenesis and production of double-flowered gentians via regeneration from ion beam-irradiated leaves.Plant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Anthocyanin Synthesis During Fruit Development inBiology · 2025Article
- CRISPR mediated gene editing for economically important traits in horticultural crops: progress and prospects.Transgenic research · 2025Review
- Review
- Identification of the UGT Family and Functional Validation ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Downregulation of a Phi class glutathionePlant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- Genetic Engineering and Genome Editing Advances to Enhance Floral Attributes in Ornamental Plants: An Update.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Antioxidants of Non-Enzymatic Nature: Their Function in Higher Plant Cells and the Ways of Boosting Their Biosynthesis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- CRISPR-Cas technology secures sustainability through its applications: a review in green biotechnology.3 Biotech · 2023Review
- Efficient double-flowered gentian plant production using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.Plant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- Anthocyanin metabolic engineering ofFrontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Genome-wide in silico identification of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family members in fig (PeerJ · 2023Review
- The catalytic role of glutathione transferases in heterologous anthocyanin biosynthesis.Nature catalysis · 2023Article
- CRISPR/Cas9 System: A Potential Tool for Genetic Improvement in Floricultural Crops.Molecular biotechnology · 2022Review
- Calcium-dependent protein kinase 16 phosphorylates and activates the aquaporin PIP2;2 to regulate reversible flower opening in Gentiana scabra.The Plant cell · 2022Article
- Isolation and Functional Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Identification of Candidate Genes Responsible for Flower Colour Intensity inFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Plant Polyphenols-Biofortified Foods as a Novel Tool for the Prevention of Human Gut Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Anthocyanin Pigments: Beyond Aesthetics.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe blue pigmentation of Japanese gentian flowers is due to a polyacylated anthocyanin, gentiodelphin, and all associated biosynthesis genes and several regulatory genes have been cloned and characterized. However, the final step involving the accumulation of anthocyanins in petal vacuoles remains unclear. We cloned and analyzed the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in Japanese gentian that are known to be involved in anthocyanin transport in other plant species.
resultsWe cloned GST1, which is expressed in gentian flower petals. Additionally, this gene belongs to the Phi-type GST clade related to anthocyanin biosynthesis. We used the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing system to generate loss-of-function GST1 alleles. The edited alleles were confirmed by Sanger and next-generation sequencing analyses. The GST1 genome-edited lines exhibited two types of mutant flower phenotypes, severe (almost white) and mild (pale blue). The phenotypes were associated with decreased anthocyanin accumulation in flower petals. In the GST1 genome-edited lines, sugar-induced stress conditions inhibited the accumulation of anthocyanins in stems and leaves, suggestvhing that GST1 is necessary for stress-related anthocyanin accumulation in organs other than flowers. These observations clearly demonstrate that GST1 is the gene responsible for anthocyanin transport in Japanese gentian, and is necessary for the accumulation of gentiodelphin in flowers.
conclusionsIn this study, an anthocyanin-related GST gene in Japanese gentian was functionally characterized. Unlike other biosynthesis genes, the functions of GST genes are difficult to examine in in vitro studies. Thus, the genome-editing strategy described herein may be useful for in vivo investigations of the roles of transport-related genes in gentian plants.
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