Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32762398›Full record

ReviewJournal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care

Social, Clinical, and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Infection and HIV Testing among Black Men in Toronto, Ontario: A Classification and Regression Tree Analysis.

Pascal Djiadeu, Martez D R Smith, Sameer Kushwaha, Apondi J Odhiambo, David Absalom, Winston Husbands, Wangari Tharao, Rotrease Regan, Ting Sa, Nanhua Zhang and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. HIV testing among heterosexual Black men in Toronto: What are the determinants?Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Pascal DjiadeuSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9708-6530
Martez D R SmithSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA.
Sameer KushwahaMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Apondi J OdhiamboMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
David AbsalomMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Winston HusbandsOntario HIV Treatment Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wangari TharaoWomen's Health in Women's Hands, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rotrease ReganDivision of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ting SaDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Nanhua ZhangDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Rupert KaulDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
LaRon E NelsonSchool of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA.
St. Michael's Hospital · CACincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USEmory University · USOntario HIV Treatment Network · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAWomen's Health In Women's Hands · CA

Funding

Using Coincidence Analysis to Investigate Factors Affecting PrEP Initiation and Continuation in Southern ending the Epidemic CountiesP30MH062294 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Trace S Kershaw · 2001 to 2026
$48.5M
Virology/Immunology CoreP30AI078498 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI DEWHURST, STEPHEN · 2008 to 2018
$14.6M
Minority Populations Prevention Researcher TrainingR25HD045810 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NEILANDS, TORSTEN BRIAN · 2003 to 2018
$4.3M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI078498NICHD NIH HHS R25 HD045810NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062294
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Black men bear a disproportionate burden of HIV infection. These HIV inequities are influenced by intersecting social, clinical, and behavioral factors. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the combinations of factors that were most predictive of HIV infection and HIV testing among black men in Toronto. Classification and regression tree analysis was applied to secondary data collected from black men (N = 460) in Toronto, 82% of whom only had sex with women and 18% whom had sex with men at least once. For HIV infection, 10 subgroups were identified and characterized by number of lifetime male partners, age, syphilis history, and perceived stigma. Number of lifetime male partners was the best single predictor of HIV infection. For HIV testing, the analysis identified 8 subgroups characterized by age, condom use, number of sex partners and Chlamydia history. Age (>24 years old) was the best single predictor of HIV testing.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesSocial StigmaAdolescentAdultAgedBlack or African AmericanFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV TestingHomosexuality, MaleHumansMaleOntarioSexual BehaviorSexual PartnersSocial Determinants of Healthblack menHIVinfectionMSMriskstigmatesting

Identifiers

PMID32762398
PMCPMC7418239
OpenAlexW3047880719

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.