ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2020
Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 346 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
346 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 715 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine preferences and their role for vaccine confidence and uptake: a meta-ethnography.Global health action · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Procedural Interventions for Reducing Distress During Vaccine Injections.The Clinical journal of pain · 2026Pooled it
- Consideration of intersectoral costs and benefits in health economic evaluations of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a systematic review.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2026Pooled it
- Expanding vaccination provider types and administration sites can increase vaccination uptake: A systematic literature review of the evidence in non-United States geographies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Rotavirus vaccine coverage, completion, and compliance: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- A global living systematic review and meta-analysis hub of emerging vaccines in pregnancy and childhood.Reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- Typhoid conjugate vaccines for preventing typhoid fever (enteric fever).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Factors influencing vaccine hesitancy toward non-covid vaccines in South Asia: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Determinants of diarrhoeal diseases among under-five children in Africa (2013-2023): a comprehensive systematic review highlighting geographic variances, socioeconomic influences, and environmental factors.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Immunization Strategies: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of intentions to receive monkeypox vaccine. A systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Consequences of post-discharge hospitalisation on the growth of young Bangladeshi children hospitalised with diarrhoea: a secondary case-control analysis of Antibiotics for Children with Diarrhea (ABCD) trial.Journal of global health · 2025Trial
- Vaccination Schedule and Age Influence Impaired Responsiveness to Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Randomized Trial in Central Asia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Understanding pneumococcal vaccine perceptions in seven countries: Findings from a cross-sectional survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Impact of social media use on influenza vaccine hesitancy among pediatric healthcare workers: The mediating role of 3Cs.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Health-related quality of life and adverse events during 14 days after receiving a live-attenuated influenza vaccine in Japanese children 4-15 years of age.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Knowledge and Perception of Caregivers Regarding Adverse Events Following Immunization and Associated Predictors at Hospitals in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Universal immunization program in India: a review of childhood vaccine updates over the last decade (2014-2024).IJID regions · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle Engineering in Modern Vaccinology: From Delivery Platforms to Immune-Programming Architectures.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
286 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the 20th century, the development, licensing and implementation of vaccines as part of large, systematic immunization programs started to address health inequities that existed globally. However, at the time of writing, access to vaccines that prevent life-threatening infectious diseases remains unequal to all infants, children and adults in the world. This is a problem that many individuals and agencies are working hard to address globally. As clinicians and biomedical scientists we often focus on the health benefits that vaccines provide, in the prevention of ill-health and death from infectious pathogens. Here we discuss the health, economic and social benefits of vaccines that have been identified and studied in recent years, impacting all regions and all age groups. After learning of the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in December 2019, and its potential for global dissemination to cause COVID-19 disease was realized, there was an urgent need to develop vaccines at an unprecedented rate and scale. As we appreciate and quantify the health, economic and social benefits of vaccines and immunization programs to individuals and society, we should endeavor to communicate this to the public and policy makers, for the benefit of endemic, epidemic, and pandemic diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.