Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32758242›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2020

Prediction of relapse in stage I testicular germ cell tumor patients on surveillance: investigation of biomarkers.

João Lobo, Ad J M Gillis, Annette van den Berg, Leendert H J Looijenga

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

João LoboPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands. joaomachadolobo@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6829-1391
Ad J M GillisPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Annette van den BergPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Leendert H J LooijengaDepartment of Pathology, Lab. for Exp. Patho-Oncology (LEPO), Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Cancer Institute, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. l.looijenga@prinsesmaximacentrum.nl.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-1911
Princess Máxima Center · NLErasmus MC Cancer Institute · NLUniversidade do Porto · PT

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia POCI-01-0145-FEDER-29043Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia SFRH/BD/132751/2017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBetter biomarkers for assessing risk of relapse in stage I testicular germ cell tumor patients are needed, to complement classical histopathological variables. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of previously suggested biomarkers, related to proliferation (MIB-1 and TEX19) and to immune microenvironment (CXCL12, CXCR4, beta-catenin and MECA-79) in a surveillance cohort of stage I testicular germ cell tumor patients.

methodsA total of 70 patients were included. Survival analyses were performed, including Cox regression models.

resultsPatients with vascular invasion and elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels showed significantly poorer relapse-free survival in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio = 2.820, 95% confidence interval 1.257-6.328; hazard ratio = 3.025, 95% confidence interval 1.345-6.808). Patients with no vascular invasion but with MIB-1 staining in > 50% tumor cells showed significantly shorter relapse-free survival (p = 0.042). TEX19 nuclear immunoexpression was confirmed in spermatogonial cells, and weak cytoplasmic immunoexpression was depicted in 15/70 tumors, not significantly impacting survival. CXCL12 immunoexpression in tumor cells did not associate with relapse, but non-seminoma patients exhibiting vascular invasion and CXCL12-positive stromal/inflammatory cells showed significantly improved relapse-free survival (p = 0.015). Exclusively nuclear immunoexpression of CXCR4 associated with better relapse-free survival (p = 0.032), but not after adjusting for vascular invasion. Patients with higher beta-catenin scores showed a tendency for poorer relapse-free survival (p = 0.056). MECA-79 immunoexpression was absent.

conclusionsThe informative protein biomarkers (i.e., MIB-1, CXCL12, beta-catenin, and possibly CXCR4) may prove useful for risk-stratifying patients if validated in larger, multicentric and well-defined studies. Currently, classical histopathological features of testicular germ cell tumors remain key for relapse prediction.

Indexed as

Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalAdultAntibodies, AntinuclearAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, Surfacebeta CateninBiomarkers, TumorChemokine CXCL12Chorionic GonadotropinConfidence IntervalsDisease-Free SurvivalHumansMaleMembrane ProteinsNeoplasm InvasivenessNeoplasms, Germ Cell and EmbryonalAntibodies, AntinuclearAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, Surfacebeta CateninBiomarkers, TumorChemokine CXCL12Chorionic GonadotropinCTNNB1 protein, humanCXCL12 protein, humanCXCR4 protein, humanL-selectin counter-receptorsMembrane ProteinsMIB-1 antibodyReceptors, CXCR4RNA-Binding ProteinsTex19 protein, humanBiomarkersImmunohistochemistryRelapseTesticular germ cell tumorsVascular invasion

Identifiers

PMID32758242
PMCPMC7405370
OpenAlexW3047422028

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.