ArticleBMC cancer2020
The presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the ratios between different subsets serve as prognostic factors in advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in BMC cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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31 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with primary surgery.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Trial
- Mismatch Repair Proteins and CD45RO-Positive Lymphocytes in Malignant and Benign Salivary Gland Tumors: A Favorable Association with Disease Clinical Parameters.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- The role of lipids and lipids lowering drugs in human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-associated cancers.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Review
- Immunophenotypic Profile of Adult Glioblastoma IDH-Wildtype Microenvironment: A Cohort Study.Cancers · 2024Article
- The Expression of PDL-1 and PD1 in the Microenvironment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- CD8JCO precision oncology · 2024Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: Realities and advances.Cancer innovation · 2024Review
- Decreased Expression of CD247 and CD4 Immune Marker Predicts Poor Prognosis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- The Impact of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis on the Aetiology, Pathogenesis, and Development of Oral Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- In situ analysis of CCR8BMC cancer · 2024Article
- An algorithm for standardization of tumor Infiltrating lymphocyte evaluation in head and neck cancers.Oral oncology · 2024Article
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- BLEACH&STAIN 15-marker Multiplexed Imaging in 3,098 Human Carcinomas Reveals Six Major PD-L1-driven Immune Phenotypes with Distinct Spatial Orchestration.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2023Article
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- Malignancies in Patients with Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Challenges and Molecular Advances.Genes · 2023Review
- A single targeted gamma-ray irradiation induced an acute modulation of immune cells and related cytokines in EMT6 mouse-bearing tumour model.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2023Article
- DNA-based artificial dendritic cells for in situ cytotoxic T cell stimulation and immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2022Article
- Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in oropharyngeal cancer: a validation study according to the criteria of the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Concordance, Correlation, and Clinical Impact of Standardized PD-L1 and TIL Scoring in SCCHN.Cancers · 2022Article
- Cellular and Molecular Profiling of Tumor Microenvironment and Early-Stage Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCancer cells induce the infiltration of various immune cells that are located or distributed in different sites and play multiple roles, which have recently been proposed to predict clinical outcomes. We therefore studied the prognostic significance of the presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the ratios between different types of immune cells in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC).
methodsWe retrospectively analysed 132 consecutive patients diagnosed with advanced HPSCC in 2013-2017. Tumoural parenchyma was immunohistochemically counted manually for the number of CD8, CD4 and Foxp3 cells. The ratios of CD8/Foxp3 and CD8/CD4 ratios were calculated for each specimen and analyzed with respect to patient clinicopathological variables and prognosis.
resultsHPSCC patients with high levels of TILs showed evident correlations with well differentiated tumors (P < 0.05). Moreover, Foxp3+ TIL is also associated with overall staging group and T category (P = 0.048 and P = 0.046, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high CD8 and FoxP3 infiltration correlated with favourable overall survival (OS, P = 0.019 and P = 0.001), disease-free survival (DFS, P = 0.045 and P = 0.028) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, P = 0.034 and P = 0.009), respectively, but only Foxp3 displayed prognostic significance for DMFS in multivariate analysis (MVA). In the lymphocyte ratio analysis, CD8/Foxp3 appeared to play a pivotal role, and patients with a high CD8/Foxp3 ratio had a superior 3-year DFS and DMFS compared with those a low CD8/Foxp3 ratio in both univariate analysis (UVA) and MVA (P = 0.015 and P = 0.011). A high CD8/CD4 ratio was associated with better DFS and local relapse-free survival (LRFS) in UVA, and was an independent prognostic factor for improved LRFS in MVA (P = 0.040).
conclusionAlthough high TILs levels were determined to be prognostically significant in advanced HPSCC, the ratios of these subsets may be more informative. Particularly, a higher ratio of CD8/Foxp3 accurately predicts prognosis for improved DFS and DMFS, and an increased CD8/CD4 ratio is an independent predictor for favourable LRFS.
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