ArticlePituitary2020
Ectopic pituitary adenomas: clinical features, diagnostic challenges and management.
Article in Pituitary, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pituitary tuberculosis in the pediatric population: a systematic review and case report.Pituitary · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical and radiological presentation of parasellar ectopic pituitary adenomas: case series and systematic review of the literature.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Ectopic ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma of the Maxillary Sinus: A Rare Cause of Cushing's Syndrome.Turkish archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Clinical features, diagnostic difficulties and therapeutic enlightenment of adult-onset multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis complicated with panhypopituitarism and central diabetes insipidus: a case report and systematic literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- A Clival Mass Posing a Diagnostic Challenge: Pituitary Adenoma With Rathke Cleft Cyst Mimicking Chordoma.Cureus · 2026Article
- Case Report: Pediatric ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma presenting with hypertension and anuria.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Nonfunctioning Ectopic Pituitary Adenoma: A Rare Case Report from Southern Asia.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Suprasellar Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor Misdiagnosed as Pineal Parenchymal Tumor: A Case Report.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2025Article
- Endoscopic endonasal surgery for suprasellar ectopic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors featuring apoplexy and a preoperative differential diagnosis: illustrative cases.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Comparative epigenomics indicate a common origin of ectopic and intrasellar corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors/adenomas: a case report.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Surgical Treatment of Cushing's Disease: The Lessons Learned.Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2025Review
- Risk factors associated with acute pancreatitis in diabetic ketoacidosis patients: a 11-year experience in a single tertiary medical center and comprehensive literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Ectopic pituitary adenoma in sphenoid sinus: a case presentation.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- World premiere: transoral robot-assisted excision for nasopharyngeal ectopic pituitary adenoma.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- [Ectopic pituitary tumor of sphenoid sinus: a case report].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2024Article
- Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors/Adenomas Around the Sella TurcicaBalkan medical journal · 2024Review
- Clival ectopic pituitary prolactinoma was successfully managed by transsphenoidal surgery: A rare case report.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Case Report Written With the Help of ChatGPT.Cureus · 2023Article
- Clival Ectopic Pituitary Adenoma Causing Cushing Syndrome.JCEM case reports · 2023Article
- Ectopic pituitary neuroendocrine tumor arising in the sphenoid sinus with an avid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake masquerading as malignancy: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeEctopic pituitary adenomas (EPAs) are extremely rare pituitary adenomas located outside the sella turcica without any connection with intrasellar components. This study aims to review all the reported cases to date and describe the clinical characteristics of EPAs.
methodsIn a retrospective chart review, 14 patients were identified with EPAs in our hospital. A literature review was performed, and 166 cases in the literature met the criteria. Clinical data were analyzed.
resultsOf 180 patients with EPAs, the mean age at diagnosis was 45.4 years, and 66.5% of the patients were females. EPAs were mainly located in the sphenoid sinus (34.4%) and suprasellar region (25.6%), followed by the clivus (15.6%), cavernous sinus (13.3%) and nasopharynx (5.6%). Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting (38.9%) and nonfunctioning (27.2%) adenomas were predominant. Patients with suprasellar EPAs were more likely to present menstrual disorders and visual changes, while patients with clival EPAs were more likely to suffer from headaches. EPAs in the cavernous sinus and suprasellar space were more likely to be initially misdiagnosed as a suspicious intrasellar mass on imaging examination. The complete tumor resection rates for EPAs in the sphenoid sinus, suprasellar region, clivus, cavernous sinus and nasopharynx were 72.3%, 88.6%, 45.0%, 73.3% and 88.9%, respectively.
conclusionsEPA clinical characteristics varied across different tumor locations and hormone-secreting types. In addition to comprehensive hormone evaluation and careful review of imaging data, nuclear medicine and surgical biopsy should also be considered when facing differential difficulty. EPA management should be individualized.
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