ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Gut Microbiota and Liver Interaction through Immune System Cross-Talk: A Comprehensive Review at the Time of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Complication and Sequelae of COVID-19: What Should We Pay Attention to in the Post-Epidemic Era.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- The gut virome and regulatory T cell axis in health and systemic disease.Microbiome research reports · 2026Review
- Unveiling the gut-liver axis: the behind-the-scenes "manipulator" of human immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota and Critically Ill Patients: Immunity and Its Modulation via Probiotics and Immunonutrition.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiota and Behavioural Issues in Production, Performance, and Companion Animals: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Liver Damage and COVID-19: At Least a "Two-Hit" Story in Systematic Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- May 2022 acute hepatitis outbreak, is there a role for COVID-19 and other viruses?World journal of hepatology · 2023Review
- COVID-19 and the liver: Are footprints still there?World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Nutritional Support in Acute Liver Failure.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- COVID-19 and liver dysfunction: What nutritionists need to know.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Cross-talk between immune system and microbiota in COVID-19.Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Review
- Microbiota and Its Impact on the Immune System in COVID-19-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Diet, Probiotics and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiota during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Are probiotics effective in reversing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis?Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2021Article
- Zoonotic evolution and implications of microbiome in viral transmission and infection.Virus research · 2020Review
- Clinical Features and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Injury in COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem containing bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeasts and other single-celled organisms. It is involved in the development and maintenance of both innate and systemic immunity of the body. Emerging evidence has shown its role in liver diseases through the immune system cross-talk. We review herein literature data regarding the triangular interaction between gut microbiota, immune system and liver in health and disease.
methodsWe conducted a search on the main medical databases for original articles, reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials and case series using the following keywords and acronyms and their associations: gut microbiota, microbiome, gut virome, immunity, gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH), alcoholic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma.
resultsThe gut microbiota consists of microorganisms that educate our systemic immunity through GALT and non-GALT interactions. The latter maintain health but are also involved in the pathophysiology and in the outcome of several liver diseases, particularly those with metabolic, toxic or immune-mediated etiology. In this context, gut virome has an emerging role in liver diseases and needs to be further investigated, especially due to the link reported between severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and hepatic dysfunctions.
conclusionsChanges in gut microbiota composition and alterations in the immune system response are involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic and immune-mediated liver diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.