ReviewBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2020
Designer Exosomes: A New Platform for Biotechnology Therapeutics.
Review in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in inflammatory skin diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Osteogenesis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cancer Drug Delivery with Nanoparticles and Biomolecules: Stimuli-Responsive, Theranostic, and AI-Guided Approaches.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Dual Roles of Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes in Regulating Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms governing exosome biogenesis, engineering strategies, and emerging role as cell-free therapeutics.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Engineered extracellular vesicles for combinatorial cancer therapy and imaging.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Regenerative Approaches to Enhance the Skin Microenvironment and Boost Aesthetic Efficacy: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Natural Broccoli Sprout-Derived Exosomes Encapsulating Bioactive Molecules as a Novel Nanomedicine for Repair of Intestinal Inflammation.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Exosome-based vaccines in cancer immunotherapy: antitumor mechanisms, engineering strategies, and challenges.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Exosomal bioactive molecules: molecular regulation, functional heterogeneity, and translational implications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Human ES cell-derived MSC spheroids encapsulated in polydopamine nanoparticle-modified GelMA hydrogel enhance diabetic wound healing.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Dual-engineered Treg-Exosome-IKVAV nanovesicles spatiotemporally sequentially regulate neuro-immune microenvironment to promote spinal cord injury repair.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Regenerative strategies for post-prostatectomy incontinence: stem cells, exosomes, and the path to clinical resolution.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2026Review
- Targeted delivery of doxorubicin using RSV F-protein modified breast cancer-derived exosomes in breast cancer-bearing mice.BioImpacts : BI · 2026Article
- Exerkine-loaded exosomes in muscle aging: a nexus of exercise, regeneration, and crosstalk.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as vaccine platforms: emerging opportunities for malaria.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Progress in the Application of Exosomes in Androgenetic Alopecia: Focusing on Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Comparison of Different Encapsulation Techniques in Exosomes Obtained from Goat and Bovine Milk.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using chem-bioinformatics-driven engineering of exosomal cargo-vehicle for telmisartan and pioglitazone targeted-delivery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Desirable features of exosomes have made them a suitable manipulative platform for biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer diagnosis and therapy, development of vaccines, and tissue regeneration. Although natural exosomes have various potentials, their clinical application is associated with some inherent limitations. Recently, these limitations inspired various attempts to engineer exosomes and develop designer exosomes. Mostly, designer exosomes are being developed to overcome the natural limitations of exosomes for targeted delivery of drugs and functional molecules to wounds, neurons, and the cardiovascular system for healing of damage. In this review, we summarize the possible improvements of natural exosomes by means of two main approaches: parental cell-based or pre-isolation exosome engineering and direct or post-isolation exosome engineering. Parental cell-based engineering methods use genetic engineering for loading of therapeutic molecules into the lumen or displaying them on the surface of exosomes. On the other hand, the post-isolation exosome engineering approach uses several chemical and mechanical methods including click chemistry, cloaking, bio-conjugation, sonication, extrusion, and electroporation. This review focuses on the latest research, mostly aimed at the development of designer exosomes using parental cell-based engineering and their application in cancer treatment and regenerative medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.