ArticleAnesthesiology and pain medicine2020
Comparative Analgesic Effects of Intradermal and Subdermal Injection of Sterile Water on Active Labor Pain.
Article in Anesthesiology and pain medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects, outcomes and acceptability of sterile water injections to relieve low back pain among birthing women in a tertiary hospital in Ghana: a non-randomised study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Women's perceptions of the pain assessment and non-pharmacological pain relief methods used during labor: A cross-sectional survey.European journal of midwifery · 2022Article
- Transdermal Drug Delivery in the Pig Skin.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Effectiveness of Spinal Analgesia for Labor Pain Compared with Epidural Analgesia.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
- Comparison of Spinal Versus Epidural Analgesia for Vaginal Delivery: A Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe labor pain is one of the factors encouraging pregnant women for cesarean section delivery. Recently, intradermal and subdermal injection of distilled water has shown to be effective in improving this pain.
objectivesThe present study aimed to determine which method has a greater impact on labor pain reduction.
methodsIn this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 121 nulliparous women with a gestational age of ≥ 37 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: (1) 0.5 cc sterile water injection subdermally at four sacral points with insulin needles (n = 40); (2) 0.5 cc sterile water injection intradermally (n = 39); and (3) needle contact with the mentioned points as the placebo (n = 42). Before the intervention, the VAS score was measured for labor pain, and it was repeated 10, 30, 60, and 90 min after the intervention. The results were compared between the three groups.
resultsBefore the intervention, the mean VAS pain score had no significant difference between the three groups. However, 30, 60, and 90 min after the intervention, the mean pain score was significantly lower in the intradermal and subdermal injection groups than in the control group (P = 0.001); however, the difference between the intradermal and subdermal injection groups was not significant.
conclusionsThe injection of distilled water by either intradermal or subdermal method was associated with a significant reduction in the pain score during labor, but there was no difference between these two methods in terms of decreasing labor pain. As sterile water injection is a safe, effective, and low-cost method, it is proposed to increase the knowledge of midwives and obstetricians about this method.
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