ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2020
Improving Tolerance and Compliance with Topical Immunomodulators Using Micro-Emulsion Lipid Layer Artificial Tears.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Experts Perspectives on Current Practices and Challenges of Diagnosis and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease across Europe and Central Asia.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Reproxalap Improves Ocular Redness, Tear Production, and Symptoms in a Pivotal Dry Eye Disease Chamber Trial.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of 0.1% Cyclosporine A Cationic Emulsion in Advanced Dry Eye Disease: A 24-Month Retrospective Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Management of inflammation in dry eye disease: Recommendations from a European panel of experts.European journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Lifitegrast Ophthalmic Solution 5% Is a Safe and Efficient Eyedrop for Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the efficacy of a micro-emulsion (ME) lipid layer artificial tear in improving tolerance of immunomodulator eye drops for the treatment of dry eye disease. PATIENTS AND
methodsA total of 33 patients with previously diagnosed dry eye disease were given the micro-emulsion lipid layer artificial tear in conjunction with either lifitegrast or cyclosporine. Patients were queried on their tolerance of the regimen by reporting VAS scores before starting the adjunctive eye drop, immediately after starting, and 2-3 weeks later. Tolerance was statistically compared over time and with respect to previous medication compliance, timing of the adjunctive eye drop, age, gender, and ethnicity.
resultsAcross all patients, the VAS pre-treatment score (6.8 ± 0.6) was significantly higher than both the VAS 1-day post ME lipid tear instillation time point (3.0 ± 0.7) (post hoc Bonferroni, p < 0.001) and the VAS 2-3-week post instillation time point (1.7 ± 0.7) (post hoc Bonferroni, p < 0.001), with the mean VAS score improving over time (post hoc Bonferroni, p < 0.028). Average VAS scores did not vary with respect to specific medical therapy or the timing of instillation of this artificial tear. Both the "at-risk" and "conversion" groups independently had significant improvements at both 1-day and 2-3-week time points compared to baseline.
conclusionThe micro-emulsion lipid layer artificial tear was effective as an adjunctive eye drop to improve tolerance of lifitegrast and cyclosporine for patients with dry eye disease who were at risk of failing or had previously failed immunomodulatory therapy.
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