ArticleThe ISME journal2020
Lichen-like association of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Aspergillus nidulans protects algal cells from bacteria.
Article in The ISME journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural Features of Algal and Fungal GATA Transcription Factors may Play a Role in Symbiosis.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Article
- Mono-mix strategy enables comparative proteomics of a cross-kingdom microbial symbiosis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Gradients of Aliveness and Engineering: A Taxonomy of Fungal Engineered Living Materials.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Engineering Microbial Consortia as Living Materials: Advances and Prospectives.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Review
- Euglena mutabilis exists in a FAB consortium with microbes that enhance cadmium tolerance.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
- A mutualistic bacterium rescues a green alga from an antagonist.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Exchange or Eliminate: The Secrets of Algal-Bacterial Relationships.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Algae-fungi symbioses and bacteria-fungi co-exclusion drive tree species-specific differences in canopy bark microbiomes.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Microbial hub signaling compounds: natural products disproportionally shape microbiome composition and structure.microLife · 2024Article
- Biotic interactions outweigh abiotic factors as drivers of bark microbial communities in Central European forests.ISME communications · 2024Article
- Streptomyces polyketides mediate bacteria-fungi interactions across soil environments.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Microbial Interactions between Marine Microalgae and Fungi: From Chemical Ecology to Biotechnological Possible Applications.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Review
- Deciphering interactions between the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima and the fungus Aspergillus pseudoglaucus.Environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Isolation and characterization of algicidal bacteria from freshwater aquatic environments in China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- The Exploration of Microbial Natural Products and Metabolic Interaction Guided by Mass Spectrometry Imaging.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Beyond Soil-Dwelling Actinobacteria: Fantastic Antibiotics and Where to Find Them.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Bacterial marginolactones trigger formation of algal gloeocapsoids, protective aggregates on the verge of multicellularity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- A polyyne toxin produced by an antagonistic bacterium blinds and lyses a Chlamydomonad alga.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Lichens - growing greenhousesMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organismal interactions within microbial consortia and their responses to harmful intruders remain largely understudied. An important step toward the goal of understanding functional ecological interactions and their evolutionary selection is the study of increasingly complex microbial interaction systems. Here, we discovered a tripartite biosystem consisting of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans, the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and the algicidal bacterium Streptomyces iranensis. Genetic analyses and MALDI-IMS demonstrate that the bacterium secretes the algicidal compound azalomycin F upon contact with C. reinhardtii. In co-culture, A. nidulans attracts the motile alga C. reinhardtii, which becomes embedded and surrounded by fungal mycelium and is shielded from the algicide. The filamentous fungus Sordaria macrospora was susceptible to azalomycin F and failed to protect C. reinhardtii despite chemotactically attracting the alga. Because S. macrospora was susceptible to azalomycin F, this data imply that for protection the fungus needs to be resistant. Formation of the lichen-like association between C. reinhardtii and A. nidulans increased algal growth. The protection depends on the increased amounts of membrane lipids provided by resistant fungi, thereby generating a protective shelter against the bacterial toxin. Our findings reveal a strategy whereby algae survive lethal environmental algicides through cooperation with fungi.
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