ReviewNature reviews. Cancer2020
The immune contexture and Immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy.
Review in Nature reviews. Cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,061 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1,061 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Heating the Cold: Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic Nutritional Index and Cancer Prognostic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current cancer drug targets · 2026Pooled it
- Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus sintilimab in proficient mismatch repair locally advanced rectal cancer with intermediate/high-immunoscore (SILAR): a single-arm phase II trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- The peripheral immune landscape of human breast cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Regression-Associated Macrophages Recruit Natural Killer Cells That Constrain Targeted Therapy Resistance.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Ineffectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in prostate cancer: is it just a question of '-mabs'?The Journal of pathology · 2026Review
- TP53 mutation-biased CD8British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment-mediated resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: Mechanisms, combination strategies and clinical perspectives (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Spatial Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Identifies Novel Immune-Associated Biomarkers of Anti-PD1 Response in Metastatic Melanoma.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2026Article
- The immunology of human breast cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- IFNγ-dependent tumor-cell MHC-II is restrained by MAPK signaling and associated with immunotherapy responsiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Pan-tumor spatial transcriptomics reveals conserved properties of tumor organization.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: their development, composition, clinical prognosis, and the drivers of the anti-tumor responses.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Immunoediting and precision biomarkers in prostate cancer: The emerging role of liquid biopsy, immune contexture and HLA genotype (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq reveal the characteristics of macrophage copper metabolism and establish a risk signature in hepatocellular carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- MuSpAn: a toolbox for multiscale spatial analysis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Prominin 2 promotes the progression of breast cancer by inhibiting ferroptosisJournal of translational internal medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition-derived itaconate promotes bone metastasis in lung cancer through targeting of HSPA8.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
1,001 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The international American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system provides the current guidelines for the classification of cancer. However, among patients within the same stage, the clinical outcome can be very different. More recently, a novel definition of cancer has emerged, implicating at all stages a complex and dynamic interaction between tumour cells and the immune system. This has enabled the definition of the immune contexture, representing the pre-existing immune parameters associated with patient survival. Even so, the role of distinct immune cell types in modulating cancer progression is increasingly emerging. An immune-based assay named the 'Immunoscore' was defined to quantify the in situ T cell infiltrate and was demonstrated to be superior to the AJCC/UICC TNM classification for patients with colorectal cancer. This Review provides a broad overview of the main immune parameters positively or negatively shaping cancer development, including the Immunoscore, and their prognostic and predictive value. The importance of the immune system in cancer control is demonstrated by the requirement for a pre-existing intratumour adaptive immune response for effective immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we discuss how the combination of multiple immune parameters, rather than individual ones, might increase prognostic and/or predictive power.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.