ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans.
Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 793 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
793citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
28.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
793 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,275 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reduced COVID-19 severity in Africa: a systematic review of host genetic and immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Immunization Strategies: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prepandemic cross-reactive humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Pooled it
- A systemic review of T-cell epitopes defined from the proteome of SARS-CoV-2.Virus research · 2023Pooled it
- Antibody Fc receptor binding and T cell responses to homologous and heterologous immunization with inactivated or mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Seasonal human coronavirus humoral responses in AZD1222 (ChaAdOx1 nCoV-19) COVID-19 vaccinated adults reveal limited cross-immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Nasal administration of anti-CD3 mAb (Foralumab) downregulatesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Trial
- Review
- Integrated Assessment of Humoral and Cellular SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Using ELISA and a Gold Nanoparticle-Based IGRA.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Pre-vaccine sentinel antibodies predict blunted vaccine responses.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Multi-antigen coronavirus vaccine induces potent and durable cross-protection against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- The Role of CD4 T Cell Repertoire and Immune Memory Mechanisms in Vaccination and Infection Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- The Dendritic Cell-based Vaccine PROTEXI leverages Antiviral CD4 T cell Memory to boost anti-tumor immune responses in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Computational identification of antigen-specific T cell groups through generative epitope modeling.iScience · 2026Article
- Rational design of an optimized ferritin nanoparticle vaccine targeting both SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Decoding the human CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Comprehensive mapping of human CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- A protocol for computational design of mRNA vaccines with high functionality and specificity.Biology direct · 2026Article
733 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Jose MateusCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1402-3452
Alba GrifoniCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2209-5966
Alison TarkeCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2464-6549
John SidneyCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0987-405X
Sydney I RamirezCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7166-5195
Jennifer M DanCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1672-0657
Zoe C BurgerDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6842-0760
Stephen A RawlingsDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3637-1447
Davey M SmithDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3603-1733
Elizabeth PhillipsInstitute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7623-3383
Simon MallalInstitute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7036-1309
Marshall LammersCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2237-847X
Paul RubiroCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6001-643X
Lorenzo QuiambaoCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3684-8009
Aaron SutherlandCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3772-5024
Esther Dawen YuCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3970-3753
Ricardo da Silva AntunesCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9785-5272
Jason GreenbaumCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1381-0390
April FrazierCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alena J MarkmannDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3656-9322
Lakshmanane PremkumarDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1736-1350
Aravinda de SilvaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3317-5950
Bjoern PetersCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8457-6693
Shane CrottyCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6484-6262
Alessandro Sette *Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. alex@lji.org daniela@lji.org.ORCID 0000-0001-7013-2250
Daniela Weiskopf *Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. alex@lji.org daniela@lji.org.ORCID 0000-0003-2968-7371
La Jolla Institute for Immunology · USUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USMurdoch University · AU
Funding
VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SONIA JAIN · 1994 to 2026
$78.4MSingle-cell atlas of lung tissue-resident memory T cells reactive to upper and lower respiratory tract pathogensU19AI118626 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI Pandurangan Vijayanand · 2015 to 2026
$36.7MT follicular helper (Tfh) CD4+ T cell, germinal center, and antibody response dysfunction in human recurrent tonsillitisU19AI142742 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI Shane P Crotty · 2019 to 2026
$32.8MHOPE Training GrantT32AI007384 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Sara Gianella Weibel, Scott L Letendre · 1990 to 2026
$9.7MRESEARCH IN INFECTIOUS DISEASEST32AI007036 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NIZET, VICTOR · 1985 to 2025
$9.2MThe Immunology of Recurrent Group A Streptococcus TonsillitisK08AI135078 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DAN, JENNIFER MARIE · 2018 to 2022
$972kNIAID NIH HHS K08 AI135078NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007036NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007384NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI118626NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI142742
Abstract
Many unknowns exist about human immune responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4
Indexed as
Immunologic MemoryBetacoronavirusBlood DonorsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Cross ReactionsEpitope MappingEpitopes, T-LymphocyteGenome, ViralHumansOpen Reading FramesPandemicsPneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2Sequence HomologyEpitopes, T-Lymphocyte
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.