ArticleToxics2020
Ambient Exposure to Agricultural Pesticides during Pregnancy and Risk of Cerebral Palsy: A Population-Based Study in California.
Article in Toxics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and epilepsy in the offspring: A population-based cohort study.Epilepsy research · 2026Article
- Ambient air pollution during pregnancy and offspring cerebral palsy.Environment international · 2026Article
- High ambient temperature during pregnancy and offspring cerebral palsy: A population-based case-control study in California.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Maternal Residential Mobility Between Births: A California Statewide Study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- A sibling study of the prenatal and perinatal risks for cerebral palsy.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Temporal trends of agricultural organophosphate pesticide use in California and proximity to pregnant people in 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Risk factors for spastic cerebral palsy: a retrospective cross-sectional study and literature review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Ambient Toxic Air Contaminants in the Maternal Residential Area during Pregnancy and Cerebral Palsy in the Offspring.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Season of Conception and Risk of Cerebral Palsy.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Parental Age and Childhood Risk for Cerebral Palsy in California.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Association between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and cerebral palsy in children.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Recent Progress in Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Food Monitoring.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment.Toxics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common neuro-motor disability in young children. Disruptions of maternal hormone function during pregnancy have been linked to CP risk. We investigated whether prenatal exposure to pesticide compounds with endocrine-disrupting action affect CP risk. We conducted a case-control study of 3905 CP cases and 39,377 controls born between 1998 and 2010 in California to mothers who lived in proximity (within 2 km) to any agricultural pesticide application recorded in the California Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) system. We focused on 23 pesticides considered endocrine disruptors that are frequently used, and we found that exposure to any of the 23 pesticides in the first trimester was associated with elevated CP risks in female offspring (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.05-1.35) but not males (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.89-1.09) compared to the unexposed offspring. Positive associations were estimated for 15 pesticides suspected to affect the estrogen and 7 pesticides suspected to affect the thyroid hormone system. Our study suggests that first trimester exposure to pesticides that are suspected endocrine disruptors are associated with CP risk in female offspring. Pesticide exposures in early pregnancy may have sex-specific influences on the neuro-motor development of the fetus by interfering with endocrine systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.