ReviewCancers2020
Effects of Cancer Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Brain Metastasis: Challenges and Solutions.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning-based prognostic model and single-cell transcriptomic integration for identifying brain metastasis-associated malignant subpopulations and potential therapeutic targets in lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Cancer stem cell specificity as new targets in breast tumor treatment.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Exploring Label-Free Imaging Techniques with Copper Sulfide Microspheres for Observing Breast Cancer Cells.ACS omega · 2024Article
- GLS and GOT2 as prognostic biomarkers associated with dendritic cell and immunotherapy response in breast cancer.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence: opportunities and challenges in the clinical applications of triple-negative breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2023Review
- Molecular landscape and emerging therapeutic strategies in breast cancer brain metastasis.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2023Review
- Review
- Investigating the mechanism of Xian-ling-lian-xia-fang for inhibiting vasculogenic mimicry in triple negative breast cancer via blocking VEGF/MMPs pathway.Chinese medicine · 2022Article
- Central Nervous System Metastases from Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Current Treatments and Future Prospective.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2022Review
- Triptonide effectively inhibits triple-negative breast cancer metastasis through concurrent degradation of Twist1 and Notch1 oncoproteins.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2021Article
- The Role of Breast Cancer Stem Cells in Chemoresistance and Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2021Review
- Role of PARP in TNBC: Mechanism of Inhibition, Clinical Applications, and Resistance.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- TNBC: Potential Targeting of Multiple Receptors for a Therapeutic Breakthrough, Nanomedicine, and Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- GBP5 Repression Suppresses the Metastatic Potential and PD-L1 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Article
- Brain metastases originating in breast cancer: clinical-pathological analysis and immunohistochemical profile.Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologieArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A higher propensity of developing brain metastasis exists in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Upon comparing the metastatic patterns of all breast cancer subtypes, patients with TNBC exhibited increased risks of the brain being the initial metastatic site, early brain metastasis development, and shortest brain metastasis-related survival. Notably, the development of brain metastasis differs from that at other sites owing to the brain-unique microvasculature (blood brain barrier (BBB)) and intracerebral microenvironment. Studies of brain metastases from TNBC have revealed the poorest treatment response, mostly because of the relatively backward strategies to target vast disease heterogeneity and poor brain efficacy. Moreover, TNBC is highly associated with the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which contribute to circulating cancer cell survival before BBB extravasation, evasion from immune surveillance, and plasticity in adaptation to the brain-specific microenvironment. We summarized recent literature regarding molecules and pathways and reviewed the effects of CSC biology during the formation of brain metastasis in TNBC. Along with the concept of individualized cancer therapy, certain strategies, namely the patient-derived xenograft model to overcome the lack of treatment-relevant TNBC classification and techniques in BBB disruption to enhance brain efficacy has been proposed in the hope of achieving treatment success.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.