ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2020
Impact of Wearing Masks, Hand Hygiene, and Social Distancing on Influenza, Enterovirus, and All-Cause Pneumonia During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Retrospective National Epidemiological Surveillance Study.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic era: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Psychosocial Determinants of Hand Hygiene, Facemask Wearing, and Physical Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- To mix or not to mix? A rapid systematic review of heterologous prime-boost covid-19 vaccination.Expert review of vaccines · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Predictive Modeling of Enterovirus Hospital Burden Using Machine Learning and Age-Specific Surveillance Data: Operational Forecasting in Taiwan During the Postpandemic Era.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- The Resurgence of Pertussis in Tuscany (Italy): A Six-Year Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trend of seasonal influenza in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Dengue Epidemiology in 7 Southeast Asian Countries: 24-Year, Retrospective, Multicountry Ecological Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Evaluating community engagement strategies in COVID-19: insights from a National Quasi-Experimental Intervention.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Mask Usability Scale: A Measure of the Perceived Usability of N95 Respirators Among Healthcare Students and Staff.Journal of advanced nursing · 2025Article
- Seasonal Mortality Patterns Analyzing Epidemiological Impact of COVID-19 on Overall Mortality Rates in Belgrade, Serbia Over Three-Year Period (2020-2023): Mental Health Consequences and Public Health Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Absences Due to Respiratory Infections, Including COVID-19, Among Medical Staff in a Regional Pediatric Hospital.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Hospitalized COPD Patients in Spain Between 2018-2022.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Proteomic Study Based on Home Quarantine Model Identifies NQO1 and Inflammation Pathways Involved in Adenoid Hypertrophy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Observational
- Leveraging risk communication and community engagement and lessons from previous outbreaks to strengthen a Public Health response: A case study of Disease X in the Panzi region, DRC.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Article
- Description of control measures, attitudes, and behaviours at a scientific conference with a confirmed COVID-19 case but no reported onward transmission, November 2021 England.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Molecular epidemiology of herpangina in the subcenter of Beijing, China: a surveillance study during 2021-2022.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Determining the predictors of preventive behaviors adopted by pregnant women against COVID-19 based on the Health Belief Model constructs: a cross sectional study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is an important health crisis worldwide. Several strategies were implemented to combat COVID-19, including wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing. The impact of these strategies on COVID-19 and other viral infections remains largely unclear.
objectiveWe aim to investigate the impact of implemented infectious control strategies on the incidences of influenza, enterovirus infection, and all-cause pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsWe utilized the electronic database of the Taiwan National Infectious Disease Statistics System and extracted incidences of COVID-19, influenza virus, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia. We compared the incidences of these diseases from week 45 of 2016 to week 21 of 2020 and performed linear regression analyses.
resultsThe first case of COVID-19 in Taiwan was reported in late January 2020 (week 4). Infectious control strategies have been promoted since late January. The influenza virus usually peaks in winter and decreases around week 14. However, a significant decrease in influenza was observed after week 6 of 2020. Regression analyses produced the following results: 2017, R
conclusionsUsing this national epidemiological database, we found a significant decrease in cases of influenza, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wearing masks, hand hygiene, and social distancing may contribute not only to the prevention of COVID-19 but also to the decline of other respiratory infectious diseases. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the causal relationship.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.