Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32749204›Full record

SynthesisRadiology2020

Incidence of Pseudoprogression during Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hyo Jung Park, Kyung Won Kim, Junhee Pyo, Chong Hyun Suh, Shinkyo Yoon, Hiroto Hatabu, Mizuki Nishino

Open access · greenAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Radiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Review
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  17. Pseudoprogression after CAR T-cell therapy mimicking orbital lymphoma relapse.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2026
    Article
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40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Hyo Jung ParkFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0002-2364-9940
Kyung Won KimFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0002-1532-5970
Junhee PyoFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).
Chong Hyun SuhFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0002-4737-0530
Shinkyo YoonFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0001-7544-0404
Hiroto HatabuFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0003-1436-2988
Mizuki NishinoFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea (H.J.P., K.W.K., C.H.S.); WHO Collaborating Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Regulation, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.P.); Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.Y.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (H.H., M.N.); and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (M.N.).ORCID 0000-0003-0275-0502
Ulsan College · KRBrigham and Women's Hospital · USUtrecht University · NL

Funding

The Boston Lung Cancer Survival CohortU01CA209414 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI David C Christiani · 2017 to 2026
$12.2M
Automated in vivo analysis of tumor growth rate as a guide for therapeutic decisions to advance personalized cancer treatmentR01CA203636 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI NISHINO, MIZUKI · 2017 to 2021
$2.9M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA203636NCI NIH HHS U01 CA209414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been increasingly used in cancer treatment, and a subset of patients undergo pseudoprogression. Recognizing the incidence of pseudoprogression is critical for clinical practice.PurposeTo evaluate by systematic review and meta-analysis the incidence of pseudoprogression in cancer treatment with ICIs, and compare the incidence according to response criteria, tumor types, and immunotherapeutic agents.Materials and MethodsMedline and Embase were searched to identify relevant studies published before December 31, 2018. Clinical trials, post hoc analysis of clinical trials, and prospective studies on ICI treatment in patients with malignant solid tumors were included. Pooled incidence of pseudoprogression for all included studies, per definition of pseudoprogression, cancer type, and drug type, was obtained by random-effects models with inverse variance weighting model.ResultsSeventeen studies with 3402 patients were analyzed. The pooled incidence of pseudoprogression was 6.0% (95% confidence interval: 5.0%, 7.0%). The definition of pseudoprogression were divided into four categories: progressive disease followed by partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) but not stable disease (SD) with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 (six studies); progressive disease followed by SD or PR or CR with RECIST 1.1 (five studies); progressive disease followed by SD or PR or CR with RECIST 1.0 (three studies); and progressive disease followed by SD or PR or CR with immune-related response criteria (irRC) (three studies). Incidence of pseudoprogression varied from 4.5% to 8.0% per definition, ranged from 5.0% to 7.0% per cancer type, and was 5.6% with the monotherapy of programmed cell death-1 inhibitor.ConclusionThe overall incidence of pseudoprogression was 6.0% and was less than 10% in subgroup analyses according to the definitions of pseudoprogression, cancer type, and immune checkpoint inhibitor type. Varying definitions across trials and studies indicates the need for uniform criteria of pseudoprogression for solid tumors.© RSNA, 2020

Indexed as

Disease ProgressionHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsNeoplasmsResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID32749204
PMCPMC7526949
OpenAlexW3047211233

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.