ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2020
Hold your breath: peripheral and cerebral oxygenation during dry static apnea.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- A century of anti-G straining maneuvers. Are there further changes in AGSM physical training that can improve +Gz tolerance? A scoping review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Apnoea as a novel method to improve exercise performance: A current state of the literature.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- The physiological effects of breath-holding during high-intensity exercise.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Research on the extension of respiratory interaction modalities in virtual reality technology and innovative methods for healing anxiety disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Wearable Wireless Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System for Cognitive Activity Monitoring.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Time courses for pulmonary oxygen uptake and cardiovascular responses are similar during apnea in resting humans.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Breath-Holding as a Stimulus to Assess Peripheral Oxygenation Flow Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A dive into the physiological responses to maximal apneas, OEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Application of the Single Source-Detector Separation Algorithm in Wearable Neuroimaging Devices: A Step toward Miniaturized Biosensor for Hypoxia Detection.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of a Tissue Oxygenation Flow-Based Index Toward Discerning the Healing Status in Diabetic Foot Ulcers.Advances in wound care · 2024Article
- A Serious Game to Self-Regulate Heart Rate Variability as a Technique to Manage Arousal Level Through Cardiorespiratory Biofeedback: Development and Pilot Evaluation Study.JMIR serious games · 2023Article
- Effects of hyperventilation on oxygenation, apnea breaking points, diving response, and spleen contraction during serial static apneas.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Article
- Splenic contraction and cardiovascular responses are augmented during apnea compared to rebreathing in humans.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Quantification of the Tissue Oxygenation Delay Induced by Breath-Holding in Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Article
- Chemoreflex Control as the Cornerstone in Immersion Water Sports: Possible Role on Breath-Hold.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Heart Rate and Muscle Oxygenation Kinetics During Dynamic Constant Load Intermittent Breath-Holds.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Wearable and wireless time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy system for brain and muscle hemodynamic monitoring.Biomedical optics express · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAcute breath-holding deprives the human body from oxygen. In an effort to protect the brain, the diving response is initiated, coupling several physiological responses. The aim of this study was to describe the physiological responses to apnea at the cardiac, peripheral and cerebral level.
methods31 physically active subjects (17 male, 14 female, 23.3 ± 1.8 years old) performed a maximal static breath-hold in a seated position. Heart rate (HR), muscle and cerebral oxygenation (by means of near-infrared spectroscopy, NIRS) were continuously measured. RM MANOVA's were used to identify changes in HR, peripheral (mTOI) and cerebral (cTOI) tissue oxygenation and oxygenated (O
resultsAverage apnea duration was 157 ± 41 s. HR started decreasing after 10 s (p < 0.001) and dropped on average by 27 ± 14 bpm from baseline (p < 0.001). mTOI started decreasing 10 s after apnea (p < 0.001) and fell by 8.6 ± 4.0% (p < 0.001). Following an immediate drop after 5 s (p < 0.001), cTOI increased continuously, reaching a maximal increase of 3.7 ± 2.4% followed by a steady decrease until the end of apnea. cTOI fell on average 5.4 ± 8.3% below baseline (p < 0.001).
conclusionDuring apnea, the human body elicits several protective mechanisms to protect itself against the deprivation of oxygen. HR slows down, decreasing O
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