Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32747670›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians.

J Hardin Waddle, Daniel A Grear, Brittany A Mosher, Evan H Campbell Grant, Michael J Adams, Adam R Backlin, William J Barichivich, Adrianne B Brand, Gary M Bucciarelli, Daniel L Calhoun and 28 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Quantitative support for the benefits of proactive management for wildlife disease control.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
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  8. Widespread occurrence ofEcology and evolution · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. The fungal pathogenPeerJ · 2022
    Article
  11. Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration play a key role inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022
    Article
  12. Tracking, Synthesizing, and Sharing GlobalFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Immunological Aspects of Chytridiomycosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors.

J Hardin WaddleWetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA. waddleh@usgs.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133
Daniel A GrearNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549
Brittany A MosherDepartment of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Evan H Campbell GrantPatuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Turners Falls, MA, 01376, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496
Michael J AdamsForest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X
Adam R BacklinWestern Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA.
William J BarichivichWetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA.
Adrianne B BrandPatuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Turners Falls, MA, 01376, USA.
Gary M BucciarelliDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-1361
Daniel L CalhounSouth Atlantic Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Norcross, GA, 30093, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-6936
Tara ChestnutMount Rainier National Park, Ashford, WA, 98304, USA.
Jon M DavenportDepartment of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA.
Andrew E DietrichPatuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Turners Falls, MA, 01376, USA.
Robert N FisherWestern Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240
Brad M GloriosoWetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Lafayette, LA, 70506, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-7414
Brian J HalsteadWestern Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon, CA, 95620, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528
Marc P HayesWashington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, 98501, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5629-8219
R Ken HoneycuttNorthern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Missoula, MT, 59801, USA.
Blake R HossackNorthern Rocky Mountain Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Missoula, MT, 59801, USA.
Patrick M KleemanWestern Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Point Reyes, CA, 94956, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-3239
Julio A Lemos-EspinalLaboratorio de Ecología UBIPRO, FES Iztacala UNAM, 54090, Tlalnepantla, State of Maxico, Mexico.
Jeffrey M LorchNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Brome McCrearyForest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
Erin MuthsFort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132
Christopher A PearlForest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-7321
Katherine L D RichgelsNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Charles W RobinsonNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Mark F RothUpper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI, 54603, USA.
Jennifer C RoweForest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
Walt SadinskiUpper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, U.S. Geological Survey, La Crosse, WI, 54603, USA.
Brent H SigafusSouthwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
Iga StasiakSaskatchewan Ministry of Environment, 112 Research Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3R3, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-935X
Samuel SweetDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
Susan C WallsWetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA.
Gregory J Watkins-ColwellPeabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
C LeAnn WhiteNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Lori A WilliamsNorth Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Fletcher, NC, 28732, USA.
Megan E WinzelerNational Wildlife Health Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-1582

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The salamander chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans [Bsal]) is causing massive mortality of salamanders in Europe. The potential for spread via international trade into North America and the high diversity of salamanders has catalyzed concern about Bsal in the U.S. Surveillance programs for invading pathogens must initially meet challenges that include low rates of occurrence on the landscape, low prevalence at a site, and imperfect detection of the diagnostic tests. We implemented a large-scale survey to determine if Bsal was present in North America designed to target taxa and localities where Bsal was determined highest risk to be present based on species susceptibility and geography. Our analysis included a Bayesian model to estimate the probability of occurrence of Bsal given our prior knowledge of the occurrence and prevalence of the pathogen. We failed to detect Bsal in any of 11,189 samples from 594 sites in 223 counties within 35 U.S. states and one site in Mexico. Our modeling indicates that Bsal is highly unlikely to occur within wild amphibians in the U.S. and suggests that the best proactive response is to continue mitigation efforts against the introduction and establishment of the disease and to develop plans to reduce impacts should Bsal establish.

Indexed as

AmphibiansAnimalsBatrachochytriumBayes TheoremDNA, FungalNorth AmericaPolymerase Chain ReactionSpecies SpecificityDNA, Fungal

Identifiers

PMID32747670
PMCPMC7400573

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.