ArticleSleep2021
Neural fatigue due to intensive learning is reversed by a nap but not by quiet waking.
Article in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute and post-acute neurobehavioral responses to lysergic acid diethylamide in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Effect of napping on a bean bag chair on sleep stage, muscle activity, and heart rate variability.PeerJ · 2022Trial
- Induction of cortical on/off periods in awake mice fulfills sleep functions.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mapping the Digital Mind: A Meta-Analysis of EEG Biomarkers in Cognition, Emotion, and Mental Health.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Linking movement-related beta oscillations to cortical excitability, structural damage, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Induction of cortical ON/OFF periods in awake mice fulfills sleep functions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal association between sleep quality and fatigue during pregnancy: an observational cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Resting-State EEG Alterations of Practice-Related Spectral Activity and Connectivity Patterns in Depression.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Movement-related ERS and connectivity in the gamma frequency decrease with practice.NeuroImage · 2023Article
- Built to last: Theta and delta changes in resting-state EEG activity after regulating emotions.Brain and behavior · 2022Article
- Article
- The why and how of sleep-dependent synaptic down-selection.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2022Article
- Movement-related beta ERD and ERS abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Frontal increase of beta modulation during the practice of a motor task is enhanced by visuomotor learning.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Changes in sleep EEG with aging in humans and rodents.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2021Review
- Extended Visual Sequence Learning Leaves a Local Trace in the Spontaneous EEG.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Do brain circuits become fatigued due to intensive neural activity or plasticity? Is sleep necessary for recovery? Well-rested subjects trained extensively in a visuo-motor rotation learning task (ROT) or a visuo-motor task without rotation learning (MOT), followed by sleep or quiet wake. High-density electroencephalography showed that ROT training led to broad increases in EEG power over a frontal cluster of electrodes, with peaks in the theta (mean ± SE: 24% ± 6%, p = 0.0013) and beta ranges (10% ± 3%, p = 0.01). These traces persisted in the spontaneous EEG (sEEG) between sessions (theta: 42% ± 8%, p = 0.0001; beta: 35% ± 7%, p = 0.002) and were accompanied by increased errors in a motor test with kinematic characteristics and neural substrates similar to ROT (81.8% ± 0.8% vs. 68.2% ± 2.3%; two-tailed paired t-test: p = 0.00001; Cohen's d = 1.58), as well as by score increases of subjective task-specific fatigue (4.00 ± 0.39 vs. 5.36 ± 0.39; p = 0.0007; Cohen's d = 0.60). Intensive practice with MOT did not affect theta sEEG or the motor test. A nap, but not quiet wake, induced a local sEEG decrease of theta power by 33% (SE: 8%, p = 0.02), renormalized test performance (70.9% ± 2.9% vs 79.1% ± 2.7%, p = 0.018, Cohen's d = 0.85), and improved learning ability in ROT (adaptation rate: 71.2 ± 1.2 vs. 73.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.024; Cohen's d = 0.60). Thus, sleep is necessary to restore plasticity-induced fatigue and performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.