ArticlePloS one2020
Maternal diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor for clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity severity in neonates less than 1500g.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to Type 1 and Type 2 Maternal Diabetes is Associated with Stage 3-5 Retinopathy of Prematurity.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- The Association Between Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy and Retinopathy of Prematurity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Maternal Determinants of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Spotlight on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Cureus · 2026Article
- Risk factors and prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Association of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus with developing severe retinopathy of prematurity.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Neonatal sepsis as a cause of retinopathy of prematurity: An etiological explanation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Hyperglycemia in pregnancy did not worsen the short-term outcomes of very preterm infants: a propensity score matching study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- A review on retinopathy of prematurity.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2024Review
- Hyperglycemia and prematurity: a narrative review.Pediatric research · 2023Review
- Systemic Cytokines in Retinopathy of Prematurity.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Recurrence risk factors of intravitreal ranibizumab monotherapy in retinopathy of prematurity: a retrospective study at one center.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The association of various obstetric and perinatal factors with retinopathy of prematurity.International ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Cardiac changes in infants of diabetic mothers.World journal of diabetes · 2021Review
- Exploring modifiable risk-factors for premature birth in the context of COVID-19 mitigation measures: A discussion paper.Journal of neonatal nursing : JNN · 2021Review
- Diabetes during Pregnancy: A Maternal Disease Complicating the Course of Pregnancy with Long-Term Deleterious Effects on the Offspring. A Clinical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant morbidity in preterm babies. Multiple risk factors for severe ROP have been extensively studied, however, only a few studies have included maternal diabetes mellitus (MDM) in their assessment. ROP and diabetic retinopathy are both retinal vascular diseases in which there is leakage and/or neovascularization from damaged retinal vessels. Diabetes may affect ROP development; however, there are conflicting results on the association between MDM and ROP.
objectiveTo determine if MDM is an independent risk factor for clinically significant ROP (ROP > Stage II) in neonates weighing less than 1500g. DESIGN/
methodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of neonates weighing <1500g who were delivered or transferred into our institution from 2007 through 2017. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between severe ROP and MDM. The risks for the different stages of ROP from MDM were compared using chi-square linear trend test.
resultsWe extracted 883 paired maternal-neonatal data. The mean (standard deviation) gestational age and birthweight were 28.5 (2.9) weeks and 1052.7 (300.9) grams, respectively. Of the 883 mothers, 72 (8.2%) had DM. The incidence of ROP and severe ROP was 42.4% (374/883) and 6.5% (57/883) respectively. The odds ratio comparing MDM and severe ROP was 3.47 [95% CI: 1.51-7.96]; p<0.01). Compared to Stage I, the risk of MDM in infants with ROP increased from 1.49 in Stage II ROP to 2.59 in Stages III&IV. Severe ROP was associated with infant steroid use (OR: 5.92 [95% CI: 2.83-12.38]; p <0.01), sepsis (OR: 2.13 [95% CI: 1.09-4.14]; p = 0.03) chorioamnionitis (OR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.03-3.50]; p = 0.04), and maternal steroid use (OR: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.32-0.79]; p<0.01).
conclusionMaternal diabetes is associated with ROP and the strength of association increased with increasing severity of ROP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.