ArticlePloS one2020
The impact of diabetes, education and income on mortality and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients: A cohort study from the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database (SPCCD).
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between prediabetes, type 2 diabetes and incident atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertension: Results from the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Mediating factors in the association between educational attainment and stroke: A mendelian randomization study.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Association of socioeconomic status with prognosis in hypertensive patients over age 65: a cohort study in the community setting.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Gender discrepancies in predictors for newly onset cardiovascular events and metabolic syndrome in elderly patients from rural China.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Low educational status correlates with a high incidence of mortality among hypertensive subjects from Northeast Rural China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic status affects achievement of blood pressure target in hypertension: contemporary results from the Swedish primary care cardiovascular database.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveIn this study we aimed to estimate the effect of diabetes, educational level and income on the risk of mortality and cardiovascular events in primary care patients with hypertension.
methodsWe followed 62,557 individuals with hypertension diagnosed 2001-2008, in the Swedish Primary Care Cardiovascular Database. Study outcomes were death, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke, assessed using national registers until 2012. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios of outcomes according to diabetes status, educational level, and income.
resultsDuring follow-up, 13,231 individuals died, 9981 were diagnosed with diabetes, 4431 with myocardial infarction, and 4433 with ischemic stroke. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for diabetes versus no diabetes: mortality 1.57 (1.50-1.65), myocardial infarction 1.24 (1.14-1.34), and ischemic stroke 1.17 (1.07-1.27). Hazard ratios for diabetes and ≤9 years of school versus no diabetes and >12 years of school: mortality 1.56 (1.41-1.73), myocardial infarction 1.36 (1.17-1.59), and ischemic stroke 1.27 (1.08-1.50). Hazard ratios for diabetes and income in the lowest fifth group versus no diabetes and income in the highest fifth group: mortality 3.82 (3.36-4.34), myocardial infarction 2.00 (1.66-2.42), and ischemic stroke 1.91 (1.58-2.31).
conclusionsDiabetes combined with low income was associated with substantial excess risk of mortality, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke among primary care patients with hypertension.
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