ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2020
Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Worldwide research on 3D printing for cancer: a dual-method analysis of bibliometrics and stratified focused thematic.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Review
- Review
- Modulating CT Attenuation of Polyvinyl Alcohol Cryogels for Individualized Training Phantoms in Interventional Radiology: A Proof-of-Concept Study.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Multimodal imaging platform for enhanced tumor resection in neurosurgery: integrating hyperspectral and pCLE technologies.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2025Article
- A method for mimicking tumour tissue in brain ex-vivo ultrasound for research application and clinical training.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Hydrogel System with Independent Tailoring of Mechanics, CT, and US Contrasts for Affordable Medical Phantoms.ACS materials letters · 2024Article
- Focused ultrasound heating in brain tissue/skull phantoms with 1 MHz single-element transducer.Journal of ultrasound · 2024Article
- Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: neurosurgical and otolaryngologic conditions.3D printing in medicine · 2023Review
- Poro-viscoelastic material parameter identification of brain tissue-mimicking hydrogels.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Patient-specific brain arteries molded as a flexible phantom model using 3D printed water-soluble resin.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Integrated multi-modality image-guided navigation for neurosurgery: open-source software platform using state-of-the-art clinical hardware.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2021Article
- Constructing an Individualized Middle Cerebral Artery Model Using 3D Printing and Hydrogel for Bypass Training.Cureus · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Phantoms are essential tools for clinical training, surgical planning and the development of novel medical devices. However, it is challenging to create anatomically accurate head phantoms with realistic brain imaging properties because standard fabrication methods are not optimized to replicate any patient-specific anatomical detail and 3D printing materials are not optimized for imaging properties. In order to test and validate a novel navigation system for use during brain tumor surgery, an anatomically accurate phantom with realistic imaging and mechanical properties was required. Therefore, a phantom was developed using real patient data as input and 3D printing of molds to fabricate a patient-specific head phantom comprising the skull, brain and tumor with both ultrasound and X-ray contrast. The phantom also had mechanical properties that allowed the phantom tissue to be manipulated in a similar manner to how human brain tissue is handled during surgery. The phantom was successfully tested during a surgical simulation in a virtual operating room. The phantom fabrication method uses commercially available materials and is easy to reproduce. The 3D printing files can be readily shared, and the technique can be adapted to encompass many different types of tumor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.