ReviewJournal of translational autoimmunity2020
Cathelicidin LL-37: A new important molecule in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Review in Journal of translational autoimmunity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- LL-37: Biological Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Applications in Intestinal Disease.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Alternatives to Antibiotics in Intestinal Infections-A Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Characterization of antimicrobial peptide WAM-1 and its interactions with clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.FEMS microbiology letters · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathogenic Mechanisms, Crosstalk with Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory effects of QsCATH on macrophages: transcriptomic insights and molecular docking analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Anti-Angiogenic Effect of Microbotox on Rosacea Is Due to the Suppressed Secretion of VEGF by Mast Cells Resulting From Internalization of the MRGPRX2 Receptor.Annals of dermatology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides in Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration: Dual Roles in Immunity and Microbial Defense.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Novel Pathway of Platelet Activation in ACS Mediated by LL-37 Immunoglobulin G Autoantibody Immune Complexes.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Article
- Article
- pH- and Matrix Metalloproteinase-Responsive Multifunctional Bilayer Microneedles Platform for Treatment of Tinea Pedis.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Article
- Navigating Antibacterial Frontiers: A Panoramic Exploration of Antibacterial Landscapes, Resistance Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.ACS infectious diseases · 2024Review
- LL-37: Structures, Antimicrobial Activity, and Influence on Amyloid-Related Diseases.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Complexation of fungal extracellular nucleic acids by host LL-37 peptide shapes neutrophil response toFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Local Defense Factors in Cleft-Affected Palate in Children before and during Milk Dentition Age: A Pilot Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Review
- Long-Term Administration of LL-37 Can Induce Irreversible Rosacea-like Lesion.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Cystic fibrosis autoantibody signatures associate withFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- LL-37-Coupled Porous Composite Scaffold for the Treatment of Infected Segmental Bone Defect.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- A Temporal Comparative RNA Transcriptome Profile of the Annexin Gene Family in the Salivary versus Lacrimal Glands of the Sjögren's Syndrome-Susceptible C57BL/6.NOD-International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Detecting the Mechanism of Action of Antimicrobial Peptides by Using Microscopic Detection Techniques.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cathelicidin LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide that is synthesized by epithelial cells, neutrophils, or lymphocytes and act as an essential defense mechanism against bacterial, viral, or fungi infection of eukaryotic organisms. However, in recent years, this cathelicidin has gained the interest of the scientific community because, besides its antimicrobial properties, LL-37 is an immunomodulator that can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. The other non-antimicrobial function of this cathelicidin is its ability to form complexes with the DNA, stimulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to produce type I IFN, deciding the course of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The chronic activation of pDCs by surrounding complexes is a crucial factor for the early development of autoimmunity in SLE patients. This stimulation is given by the complexes (LL-37-DNA/anti-DNA) recognized by the receptor FcγRII on pDCs, allowing its endocytosis and its recognition via TLR9, leading to the activation of pDCs and enhanced type I IFN production. In this article, we reviewed the structure, function, and importance of LL-37 in innate immunity, as well as its biological plausibility in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases such as SLE. In this narrative review, we included primary journal articles describing the function, structure, prevalence, and importance of LL-37 in various manifestations of SLE, as well as LL-37 and anti-LL37 antibodies in patients with SLE or other autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, LL-37 is an essential molecule in the pathophysiology of SLE, mainly by its role in increasing the production of IFN by pDCs, which postulates it as a crucial molecule in the pathophysiology of SLE and, given plausibility biology, could serve as a biomarker of the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.