ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2020
Comparison of oral and nasal immunization with inactivated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on intestinal immunity in piglets.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles ofJournal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Genetic evolution analysis and clinical antibody tracking analysis of two PEDV strains in China.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Validation of Recombinant Type I Interferon Antiviral Activity Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro and In Vivo.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Efficacy and Its Modifiers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Oral Delivery ofVaccines · 2025Article
- Design of Mucosal Vaccines Against Swine Enteric Coronaviruses: From Antigen Delivery to Immune Activation.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- Next-Generation Vaccines for Co-Circulating PEDV and TGEV: Integrating Nucleic Acid Platforms, Mucosal Delivery, and AI-Driven Antigen Design.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- A Virus-like Particle-Based F4 EnterotoxigenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Single-Blinded Study Highlighting the Differences between the Small Intestines of Neonatal and Weaned Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- The New Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Outbreak May Mean That Existing Commercial Vaccines Are Not Enough to Fully Protect Against the Epidemic Strains.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has proven to be a major problem for the porcine industry worldwide. Conventional injectable vaccines induce effective systemic immune responses but are less effective in preventing PEDV at mucosal invasion sites, including the nasal or oral mucosa. Additionally, antigens delivered orally are easily degraded. Nasal immunization induces intestinal mucosal immune responses, which can aid in blocking viral invasion, and requires fewer antigen inoculation doses. Therefore, nasal immunizations are considered to be a potential approach to overcome viral infections. In the present study, nasal immunization of piglets was performed using inactivated PEDV combined with
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.