ReviewMolecular oncology2021
Physical activity, obesity and sedentary behavior in cancer etiology: epidemiologic evidence and biologic mechanisms.
Review in Molecular oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 340 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Using Counterfactual Strategies to Understand and Promote Physical Activity Behavior in Low-socioeconomic Status Individuals
Support for Physical Activity for Adults Registered in the Ontario Breast Screening Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
340 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 628 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-diagnosis physical activity in relation to mortality among gynecological cancer survivors.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Pooled it
- Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity-related cancer Risk and Survival: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews With Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- The association of physical activity with urological cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Association between physical activity and gynecological cancers: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.BMC women's health · 2025Pooled it
- Use of Preventable Risk Integrated Model on behavioral risk factors: a scoping review and bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between cardiovascular health determined by life's essential 8 and risk of mortality and major non-communicable diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Maintenance of physical activity gains among Latina teens: 12-month findings from the Chicas Fuertes randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Development of a physical activity promotion intervention for colorectal cancer survivors who are physically inactive: A Delphi study integrating the analytic hierarchy process.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- Association between circadian rhythm-related behaviors and breast cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Impact of lung cancer diagnosis on patient lifestyle and physical activity.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Observational
- Cumulative obesity exposure and hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer risk following different weight-loss interventions: retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Exploring Characteristics and Systemic Health Links in Myopic Australian Adults.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Patient stratification in exercise oncology: matching exercise modalities to immune phenotypes to optimize immunotherapy response.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Combined association of genetic predisposition and healthy lifestyle with lung cancer risk: a population-based cohort study.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity across the adult life course and the risk of invasive ovarian cancer.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Designing for Autonomous Motivation: Qualitative Interview Study on Pre-Enrollment Preferences of Survivors of Cancer for Digital Health Behavior Change Programs.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Sedentary behavior and physical activity one year after colorectal cancer diagnosis: results from the ColoCare Study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Trends and burden of colon and rectum cancer attributable to low physical activity in China: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2021.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Sleep patterns and breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study integrating multi-omics and machine learning.BMC cancer · 2026Article
280 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An estimated 30-40% of cancers can be prevented through changes in modifiable lifestyle and environmental risk factors known to be associated with cancer incidence. Despite this knowledge, there remains limited awareness that these associations exist. The purpose of this review article was to summarize the epidemiologic evidence concerning the contribution of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and obesity to cancer etiology and to provide an overview of the biologic mechanisms that may be operative between these factors and cancer incidence. Strong and consistent evidence exists that higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk of six different cancer sites (bladder, breast, colon, endometrial, esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric cardia), whereas moderate evidence inversely associates physical activity with lung, ovarian, pancreatic and renal cancer, and limited evidence inversely correlates physical activity with prostate cancer. Sedentary behavior, independent of physical activity, has been shown to increase the risk of colon, endometrial, and lung cancers. Obesity is an established risk factor for 13 different cancer sites (endometrial, postmenopausal breast, colorectal, esophageal, renal/kidneys, meningioma, pancreatic, gastric cardia, liver, multiple myeloma, ovarian, gallbladder, and thyroid). The main biologic mechanisms whereby physical activity, sedentary behavior, and obesity are related to cancer incidence include an effect on endogenous sex steroids and metabolic hormones, insulin sensitivity, and chronic inflammation. Several emerging pathways related to oxidative stress, DNA methylation, telomere length, immune function, and gut microbiome are presented. Key recommendations for future research in both the epidemiology and biology of the associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, obesity, and cancer risk are also provided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.