ReviewThe New phytologist2021
Insights into the evolutionary history and widespread occurrence of antheridiogen systems in ferns.
Review in The New phytologist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ferns, marsupials, and Darwin's Wedge: Does competitive displacement really explain macroevolutionary patterns in ferns?American journal of botany · 2026Article
- Paradigm shift in apomixis research: Targeting mutants with elements of apomixis in sexual crops.Planta · 2026Review
- Cell division and lineage dynamics during antheridium differentiation and male gametophyte development in Ceratopteris richardii.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Sex-type specification and meristem development in fern gametophytes.Discover developmental biology · 2026Review
- A BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSISTIVE 1 receptor kinase ortholog is required for sex determination in Ceratopteris richardii.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- Flipping the sex switch: Genetic insights into sex determination factor in Ceratopteris richardii.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of the Relict Tree FernPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Biosynthesis of gibberellin-related compounds modulates far-red light responses in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Dynamic hybridization between two spleenworts,Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Antheridiogen controls spatial dynamics of sex expression in naturally occurring gametophytes of the tree fern Cyathea multiflora.American journal of botany · 2022Article
- Rapid diversification of vascular architecture underlies the Carboniferous fern radiation.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- The biology ofeLife · 2022Article
- An experimental assessment of competitive interactions between sexual and apomictic fern gametophytes using Easy Leaf Area.Applications in plant sciencesArticle
- Providing the missing links in fern life history: Insights from a phenological survey of the gametophyte stage.Applications in plant sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex expression of homosporous ferns is controlled by multiple factors, one being the antheridiogen system. Antheridiogens are pheromones released by sexually mature female fern gametophytes, turning nearby asexual gametophytes precociously male. Nevertheless, not all species respond. It is still unknown how many fern species use antheridiogens, how the antheridiogen system evolved, and whether it is affected by polyploidy and/or apomixis. We tested the response of 68 fern species to antheridiogens in cultivation. These results were combined with a comprehensive review of literature to form the largest dataset of antheridiogen interactions to date. Analyzed species also were coded as apomictic or sexual and diploid or polyploid. Our final dataset contains a total of 498 interactions involving 208 species (c. 2% of all ferns). About 65% of studied species respond to antheridiogen. Multiple antheridiogen types were delimited and their evolution is discussed. Antheridiogen responsiveness was not significantly affected by apomixis or polyploidy. Antheridiogens are widely used by ferns to direct sex expression. The antheridiogen system likely evolved multiple times and provides homosporous ferns with the benefits often associated with heterospory, such as increased rates of outcrossing. Despite expectations, antheridiogens may be beneficial to polyploids and apomicts.
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