ReviewThe American journal of emergency medicine2020
Lactate dehydrogenase levels predict coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality: A pooled analysis.
Review in The American journal of emergency medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 322 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
322 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 628 citations in OpenAlex.
- A composite ranking of risk factors for COVID-19 time-to-event data from a Turkish cohort.Computational biology and chemistry · 2022Pooled it
- Epidemiological, Radiographical, and Laboratorial Characteristics of Chinese Asymptomatic Cases With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of lactate dehydrogenase in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiology journal · 2022Pooled it
- InflawellInflammopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Admission Biomarkers as Predictors of Mortality in Comatose Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Pilot Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Observational
- Early Cytokine Profiles in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 and Their Association with Mortality.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Integrative Vitamin D-Inflammatory-Coagulation Biomarker Index Predicts COVID-19 Severity: Development and Validation of the Vitamin D Inflammatory Burden Score (VDIBS).International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Early chest x-ray severity assessed by the MBrixia score is associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cytomegalovirus DNAemia in patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive dermatomyositis from southern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio as a convenient parameter for predicting the severity of Behçet disease: a cross-sectional study.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Observational
- Prediction of Functional Outcomes at Discharge Using Plasma Concentration of von Willebrand Factor Antigen at Admission in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.Annals of vascular diseases · 2026Article
- Early mortality risk prediction in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome using an interpretable machine learning model based on routine clinical parameters.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Systemic inflammation, multi-organ injury, and acute kidney risk in psittacosis pneumonia: a biomarker-driven clinical characterization.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Cumulative Exposure of Lactate Dehydrogenase Concentrations and Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Northwest China.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Association of inflammatory scoring tools with spirometry indices in COVID-19 patients: a single center cohort study.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Comparison of biomarkers and laboratory results in unaffected, moderate, and severe COVID-19 recovered patients.Future science OA · 2025Article
- Biochemical and Hematological Predictors of Mortality in Thai Patients with COVID-19.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes and predictive modeling in COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
262 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has now reached a pandemic state, affecting more than a million patients worldwide. Predictors of disease outcomes in these patients need to be urgently assessed to decrease morbidity and societal burden. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been associated with worse outcomes in patients with viral infections. In this pooled analysis of 9 published studies (n = 1532 COVID-19 patients), we evaluated the association between elevated LDH levels measured at earliest time point in hospitalization and disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Elevated LDH levels were associated with a ~6-fold increase in odds of developing severe disease and a ~16-fold increase in odds of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.