Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32737162›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020

Protein nanoribbons template enamel mineralization.

Yushi Bai, Zanlin Yu, Larry Ackerman, Yan Zhang, Johan Bonde, Wu Li, Yifan Cheng, Stefan Habelitz

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Amelogenin proteolysis orchestrates functional amyloid pathways in enamel development.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2026
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  13. Biomineral-Based Composite Materials in Regenerative Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
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  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Yushi BaiDepartment of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.ORCID 0000-0003-1295-1615
Zanlin YuDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.ORCID 0000-0001-8381-8788
Larry AckermanDepartment of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.ORCID 0000-0002-5682-6413
Yan ZhangDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.ORCID 0000-0002-2373-1696
Johan BondeDivision of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Center for Applied Life Sciences, Lund University, Lund, SE-221 00, Sweden.
Wu LiDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.
Yifan ChengDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.
Stefan HabelitzDepartment of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143; stefan.habelitz@ucsf.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-7201-5779
University of California, San Francisco · USLund University · SE

Funding

The stage-specific regulation of ameloblastin and enamelin by the distinct nuclear factorsR01DE027076 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Yan Zhang · 2017 to 2026
$4.0M
Amyloids in Enamel DevelopmentR01DE025709 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HABELITZ, STEFAN FRIEDRICH, LI, WU · 2016 to 2020
$3.3M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE025709NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE027076
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the hardest tissue formed by vertebrates, enamel represents nature's engineering masterpiece with complex organizations of fibrous apatite crystals at the nanometer scale. Supramolecular assemblies of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) play a key role as the structural scaffolds for regulating mineral morphology during enamel development. However, to achieve maximum tissue hardness, most organic content in enamel is digested and removed at the maturation stage, and thus knowledge of a structural protein template that could guide enamel mineralization is limited at this date. Herein, by examining a gene-modified mouse that lacked enzymatic degradation of EMPs, we demonstrate the presence of protein nanoribbons as the structural scaffolds in developing enamel matrix. Using in vitro mineralization assays we showed that both recombinant and enamel-tissue-based amelogenin nanoribbons are capable of guiding fibrous apatite nanocrystal formation. In accordance with our understanding of the natural process of enamel formation, templated crystal growth was achieved by interaction of amelogenin scaffolds with acidic macromolecules that facilitate the formation of an amorphous calcium phosphate precursor which gradually transforms into oriented apatite fibers along the protein nanoribbons. Furthermore, this study elucidated that matrix metalloproteinase-20 is a critical regulator of the enamel mineralization as only a recombinant analog of a MMP20-cleavage product of amelogenin was capable of guiding apatite mineralization. This study highlights that supramolecular assembly of the scaffold protein, its enzymatic processing, and its ability to interact with acidic carrier proteins are critical steps for proper enamel development.

Indexed as

AmelogenesisAmelogeninAnimalsApatitesDental EnamelDental Enamel ProteinsMiceNanofibersAmelogeninApatitesDental Enamel Proteinsenamel matrix proteinsbiomineralizationenamelhydroxyapatitenanoribbon structureprotein assembly

Identifiers

PMID32737162
PMCPMC7431033
OpenAlexW3046302286

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.