ArticleChild psychiatry and human development2021
Community-Based Prevalence of Externalizing and Internalizing Disorders among School-Aged Children and Adolescents in Four Geographically Dispersed School Districts in the United States.
Article in Child psychiatry and human development, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Theories of Change and Mediators of Psychotherapy Effectiveness in Adolescents With Externalising Behaviours: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Family-Centered Prevention Attenuates the Association Between Structural Racism Risk and Black Adolescents' Low Self-regulation and Externalizing Behaviors: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Trial
- Externalizing Disorders and Substance Use Among Nigerian Adolescents: Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Dose-Response Association.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- Linking Brain, Heart, and Behavior in Children: Frontal Electroencephalogram Activity, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, and Internalizing Behaviors.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Examining early inhibitory control and emotion regulation as predictors of childhood internalizing and externalizing problems: A longitudinal study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Development and Pilot Testing of Transdiagnostic Exposure Therapy/Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents With Internalizing Disorders.Cognitive and behavioral practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Age-specific life expectancies across school districts in the United States: Applying a population weighted geographic crosswalk to aggregate census tract indicators.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Developmental Language Risk and Social and Behavioral Functioning in Bilingual Latinx Adolescents.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026Article
- Article
- Multiple dimensions of reward-sensitivity and cognitive control relate to psychopathology: an exploratory structural equation modeling approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Relationships among sport participation, sport and social competence, and mental health symptomatology.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Genetic Liability for Internalizing-Externalizing Traits in Mexican Youth: Moderation by Adversity.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Parental stressful life events predict young-adult internalizing through parent-adolescent relationship quality.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2025Article
- Unraveling the dynamics of emotional regulation and parental warmth across early childhood: prediction of later behavioral problems.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Independent Impacts of Maltreatment and Amygdala Volume on Worsening Callous-Unemotional Traits in High-Risk Youths.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Do Ethnic Identity, Familial, and Community Contexts Impact the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Psychopathology Among Latinx Adolescents?Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Socio-ecological domains and adolescent mental health: An application of the dual-factor model.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Article
- Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and emotional and behavioral outcomes from early childhood to adolescence: Rhea Cohort Study in Crete, Greece.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Project to Learn About Youth-Mental Health (PLAY-MH; 2014-2018) is a school-based, two-stage study designed to estimate the prevalence of selected mental disorders among K-12 students in four U.S.-based sites (Colorado, Florida, Ohio, and South Carolina). In Stage 1, teachers completed validated screeners to determine student risk status for externalizing or internalizing problems or tics; the percentage of students identified as being at high risk ranged from 17.8% to 34.4%. In Stage 2, parents completed a structured diagnostic interview to determine whether their child met criteria for fourteen externalizing or internalizing disorders; weighted prevalence estimates of meeting criteria for any disorder were similar in three sites (14.8%-17.8%) and higher in Ohio (33.3%). PLAY-MH produced point-in-time estimates of mental disorders in K-12 students, which may be used to supplement estimates from other modes of mental disorder surveillance and inform mental health screening and healthcare and educational services.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.