ReviewKidney medicine
Iron Administration, Infection, and Anemia Management in CKD: Untangling the Effects of Intravenous Iron Therapy on Immunity and Infection Risk.
Review in Kidney medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07523646 (Anemia Therapy in Patients With Infective Endocarditis), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Anemia Therapy in Patients With Infective Endocarditis (POET-IRON)
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Infection Associated With Administration of Intravenous Iron: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Liposomal iron dramatic effect on chronic kidney disease pediatric anemia: a randomized clinical trial.Pediatric research · 2026Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of Vadadustat Versus Darbepoetin Alfa for Chronic Kidney Disease-Related Anemia in Patients Receiving Dialysis by Baseline Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Dose.Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis · 2026Trial
- Oral lactoferrin as a treatment of pediatrics' anemia resulted from chronic kidney diseases: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Parenteral iron-Does it increase infection risk?Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization analysis of iron status and uremia: no evidence of a causal relationship.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Development and validation of machine learning models to predict in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with sepsis and chronic kidney disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A whole-body mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of intravenous iron.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Prognostic implications of serum ferritin levels in non-anemic women with stage 3 chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Impact of Iron Deficiency and Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents on Anemia in CKD Progression.International journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Progress in the application of novel inflammatory indicators in chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Dialysis-Dependent CKD: Pooled Analysis of Phase 3 Roxadustat Trials in Japan.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- The Biological Processes of Ferroptosis Involved in Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Core Ferroptoic Genes Related With the Occurrence and Severity of This Disease.Evolutionary bioinformatics online · 2023Article
- National trends and projection of chronic kidney disease incidence according to etiology from 1990 to 2030 in Iran: a Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling study.Epidemiology and health · 2023Article
- Article
- The Role of Iron inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Questions and answers on iron deficiency treatment selection and the use of intravenous iron in routine clinical practice.Annals of medicine · 2021Article
- Iron Deficiency in CKD Without Concomitant Anemia.Kidney international reports · 2021Review
- Physiology and Inflammation Driven Pathophysiology of Iron Homeostasis-Mechanistic Insights into Anemia of Inflammation and Its Treatment.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for infection, attributable to immune dysfunction, increased exposure to infectious agents, loss of cutaneous barriers, comorbid conditions, and treatment-related factors (eg, hemodialysis and immunosuppressant therapy). Because iron plays a vital role in pathogen reproduction and host immunity, it is biologically plausible that intravenous iron therapy and/or iron deficiency influence infection risk in CKD. Available data from preclinical experiments, observational studies, and randomized controlled trials are summarized to explore the interplay between intravenous iron and infection risk among patients with CKD, particularly those receiving maintenance hemodialysis. The current evidence base, including data from a recent randomized controlled trial, suggests that proactive judicious use of intravenous iron (in a manner that minimizes the accumulation of non-transferrin-bound iron) beneficially replaces iron stores while avoiding a clinically relevant effect on infection risk. In the absence of an urgent clinical need, intravenous iron therapy should be avoided in patients with active infection. Although serum ferritin concentration and transferrin saturation can help guide clinical decision making about intravenous iron therapy, definition of an optimal iron status and its precise determination in individual patients remain clinically challenging in CKD and warrant additional study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.