Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation2020
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and COVID-19 are distinct presentations of SARS-CoV-2.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 252 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
252 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 413 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Complications of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Adults Post-COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- COVID-19 infection in children with blood cancer: A systematic review.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Pooled it
- Pediatric endocrinopathies related to COVID-19: an update.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2023Pooled it
- Cardiac markers of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Thrombotic risk in children with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review of the literature.Thrombosis research · 2021Pooled it
- The inflammatory markers of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and adolescents associated with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a microcosm of challenges and opportunities for translational bioinformatics in pediatric research.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Guideline
- Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 and common cold coronavirus-specific T-cell responses in MIS-C and Kawasaki disease children.European journal of immunology · 2022Trial
- Longitudinal changes in serum soluble C5b-9 levels following immunomodulatory therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2026Article
- Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Characteristics of Liver Involvement in Hospitalized Children With COVID-19 in Iran During 2020-2021: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Screening of autoinflammatory genes in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated MIS-C.Human genomics · 2026Article
- Association of Salivary Micro Ribonucleic Acid Levels With the Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Children.Pediatric discovery · 2026Article
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Mimicking Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Diagnostic Challenge.Cureus · 2026Article
- Hospitalization outcomes and laboratory correlations in pediatric MIS-C patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Tehran, Iran.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- A new era in CAR-NK cell therapy: from technological innovations to clinical applications.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- Prognostic models of multisystem inflammatory syndrome severity according to resource availability in healthcare facilities in Ukraine.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Effect of COVID-19 Disease on Serum Vitamin D Status in Children with Asthma-A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
37 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUNDInitial reports from the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic described children as being less susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than adults. Subsequently, a severe and novel pediatric disorder termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) emerged. We report on unique hematologic and immunologic parameters that distinguish between COVID-19 and MIS-C and provide insight into pathophysiology.METHODSWe prospectively enrolled hospitalized patients with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and classified them as having MIS-C or COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 were classified as having either minimal or severe disease. Cytokine profiles, viral cycle thresholds (Cts), blood smears, and soluble C5b-9 values were analyzed with clinical data.RESULTSTwenty patients were enrolled (9 severe COVID-19, 5 minimal COVID-19, and 6 MIS-C). Five cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) contributed to the analysis. TNF-α and IL-10 discriminated between patients with MIS-C and severe COVID-19. The presence of burr cells on blood smears, as well as Cts, differentiated between patients with severe COVID-19 and those with MIS-C.CONCLUSIONPediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 are at risk for critical illness with severe COVID-19 and MIS-C. Cytokine profiling and examination of peripheral blood smears may distinguish between patients with MIS-C and those with severe COVID-19.FUNDINGFinancial support for this project was provided by CHOP Frontiers Program Immune Dysregulation Team; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Cancer Institute; the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society; Cookies for Kids Cancer; Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer; Children's Oncology Group; Stand UP 2 Cancer; Team Connor; the Kate Amato Foundations; Burroughs Wellcome Fund CAMS; the Clinical Immunology Society; the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.