ArticleClinical & translational immunology2020
Safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019.
Article in Clinical & translational immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the efficacy and safety of selective COX-2 inhibitors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Development of Mannitol-Based Microparticles for Dry Powder Inhalers: Enhancing Pulmonary Delivery of NSAIDs.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as dual COX-2/ACE2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Older patients affected by COVID-19: investigating the existence of biological phenotypes.BMC geriatrics · 2024Observational
- Article
- Imrecoxib: Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Investigation of Physico-Chemical Stability and Aerodynamic Properties of Novel "Nano-in-Micro" Structured Dry Powder Inhaler System.Micromachines · 2023Article
- Mixed storm in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A narrative review and new term in the Covid-19 era.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Home as the new frontier for the treatment of COVID-19: the case for anti-inflammatory agents.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Review
- Antiinflammation Derived Suzuki-Coupled Fenbufens as COX-2 Inhibitors: Minilibrary Construction and Bioassay.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and adverse outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Activating endogenous resolution pathways by soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors for the management of COVID-19.Archiv der Pharmazie · 2022Review
- Dipyridamole and adenosinergic pathway in Covid-19: a juice or holy grail.The Egyptian journal of medical human genetics · 2022Review
- A Home-Treatment Algorithm Based on Anti-inflammatory Drugs to Prevent Hospitalization of Patients With Early COVID-19: A Matched-Cohort Study (COVER 2).Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids in COVID-19.Advances in biological regulation · 2021Review
- Asymptomatic COVID-19: disease tolerance with efficient anti-viral immunity against SARS-CoV-2.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Targeting cyclooxygenase enzyme for the adjuvant COVID-19 therapy.Drug development research · 2021Article
- Antiviral Properties of the NSAID Drug Naproxen Targeting the Nucleoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Testosterone in COVID-19: An Adversary Bane or Comrade Boon.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Vascular Damage, Thromboinflammation, Plasmablast Activation, T-Cell Dysregulation and Pathological Histiocytic Response in Pulmonary Draining Lymph Nodes of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWhile the safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in COVID-19 has been questioned, they may be beneficial given the hyper-inflammatory immune response associated with severe disease. We aimed to assess the safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors in high-risk patients.
methodsRetrospective study of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and aged ≥ 50 years who were admitted to hospital. Adverse outcomes analysed included supplemental oxygen use, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality, with the primary endpoint a composite of any of these. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in a subset.
resultsTwenty-two of 168 (13.1%) in the cohort received COX-2 inhibitors [median duration 3 days, interquartile range (IQR) 3-4.25]. Median age was 61 (IQR 55-67.75), 44.6% were female, and 72.6% had at least one comorbidity. A lower proportion of patients receiving COX-2 inhibitors met the primary endpoint: 4 (18.2%) versus 57 (39.0%),
conclusionTreatment with COX-2 inhibitors was not associated with an increase in adverse outcomes. Its potential for therapeutic use as an immune modulator warrants further evaluation in a large randomised controlled trial.
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