ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2020
Nicotine Exposure by Device Type among Adult Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Users in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, 2015-2016.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Use and Nicotine Exposure Among Adults Who Use ENDS Alone or With Cigarettes: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study 2013-2019.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Nicotine Exposure From Smoking Tobacco and Vaping Among Adolescents.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- Understanding perceived addiction to and addictiveness of electronic cigarettes among electronic cigarette users: a cross-sectional analysis of the International Tobacco Control Smoking and Vaping (ITC 4CV) England Survey.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Observational
- Biomarkers of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) use.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Characteristics and changes over time of nicotine vaping products used by vapers in the 2016 and 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Nicotine pharmacokinetics of electronic cigarettes: A pooled data analysis from the literature.Toxicology reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have examined the characteristics of open and closed system electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) users, but population-level information on nicotine exposure among these users has not been available.
methodsWe analyzed nicotine biomarker and survey data from Wave 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study collected from October 2015 to October 2016. We identified 277 exclusive ENDS users and 468 dual cigarette and ENDS users and analyzed concentrations of nicotine and its metabolites obtained from urine samples by device type and other characteristics, such as frequency of use and e-liquid flavor.
resultsAmong exclusive ENDS users, open system users had higher levels of total nicotine exposure (TNE-2) than closed system users [8.8 μmol/g creatinine (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3-14.8 μmol/g vs. 2.0 μmol/g (95% CI = 0.7-5.4 μmol/g)]. However, TNE-2 concentrations were similar when open and closed system users were stratified as daily [26.4 μmol/g (95% CI = 20.1-34.7 μmol/g) vs. 27.1 μmol/g (95% CI = 16.4-44.9 μmol/g)] and nondaily [0.5 μmol/g (95% CI = 0.1-1.9 μmol/g) vs. 0.2 μmol/g (95% CI = 0.0-0.7 μmol/g)] ENDS users. Dual users generally had higher nicotine exposure than exclusive users.
conclusionsNicotine exposure was observed to be higher among exclusive open system ENDS users compared with closed system users, but levels were similar when users were stratified by frequency of use. IMPACT: These results suggest that exclusive ENDS users with similar use patterns receive comparable levels of nicotine, regardless of whether they use open or closed system devices.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.