ReviewBiology of sex differences2020
Pathophysiological effects of androgens on the female vascular system.
Review in Biology of sex differences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Premature adrenarche and metabolic risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond medication: factors contributing to uncontrolled hypertension from the 2023 Indonesian health survey.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Review
- Inflammation in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Immunometabolic Mechanistic Framework and Clinical Implications.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- The effect of transient sex hormone fluctuations on vascular endothelial function.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Review
- Effect of Androgens on Human Fascia.Biology · 2025Article
- Association between serum testosterone and measures of cardiovascular health among transgender individuals using gender-affirming testosterone therapy: a cross-sectional study.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- The role of sex differences in cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune functions in health and disease: a review for "Sex Differences in Health Awareness Day".Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Fertility preservation: is there a model for gender-dysphoric youth?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Assessing the Influence of Long-Term Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Cardiovascular Risk in Transgender Men through Carotid Intima-Media Thickness.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Insights on the NF-κB system in polycystic ovary syndrome, attractive therapeutic targets.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- The Association Between Testosterone and Vascular Function in Reproductive-Aged Females With Chronic Kidney Disease.CJC open · 2024Article
- Impact of transsexualizing process centers on self-medication of transgender individuals.Revista de saude publica · 2024Article
- The Impact of Menopause on Cardiovascular Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Androgen Influences.Cureus · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular Risk in Transgender People With Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment.Circulation reports · 2023Review
- Transgender Cardiovascular Health: Practical Management for the Clinician.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2022Review
- Potential Role of Quercetin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Complications: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Immune Sexual Dimorphism: Connecting the Dots.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Review
- Assessment of metabolic syndrome in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome in a rural population of South India: A cross-sectional study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2022Article
- Hypertension Predisposition and Thermoregulation Delays in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Pilot Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sex hormones and their respective receptors affect vascular function differently in men and women, so it is reasonable to assume they play a role in the sex differences in cardiovascular disease states. This review focuses on how the effects of testosterone on arterial vessels impact the female vasculature. In women with androgen-excess polycystic ovary syndrome, and in transgender men, testosterone exposure is associated with high blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. These relationships suggest that androgens may exert pathophysiological effects on the female vasculature, and these effects on the female vasculature appear to be independent from other co-morbidities of cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that the engagement of androgens with androgen receptor induces detrimental outcomes in the female cardiovascular system, thereby representing a potential causative link with sex differences and cardiovascular regulation. Gender affirming hormone therapy is the primary medical intervention sought by transgender people to reduce the characteristics of their natal sex and induce those of their desired sex. Transgender men, and women with androgen-excess polycystic ovary syndrome both represent patient groups that experience chronic hyperandrogenism and thus lifelong exposure to significant medical risk. The study of testosterone effects on the female vasculature is relatively new, and a complex picture has begun to emerge. Long-term research in this area is needed for the development of more consistent models and controlled experimental designs that will provide insights into the impact of endogenous androgen concentrations, testosterone doses for hormone therapy, and specific hormone types on function of the female cardiovascular system.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.