ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in the general population of Myanmar via nationwide study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Genotype-specific Response to 144-week Entecavir Therapy for HBeAg-positive Chronic Hepatitis B with a Particular Focus on Histological Improvement: A Prospective Study.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Hidden Reservoir: High Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B and Associated Surface Gene Mutations in a Healthy Vietnamese Adult Cohort.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Distinct phylogeographic distributions and frequencies of precore and basal core promoter mutations between HBV subgenotype C1 rt269L and rt269I types.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular and serological investigation of hepatitis B virus in patients with acute undifferentiated febrile illness at Tha Song Yang hospital, Tak Province, Thailand.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hyperendemicity and genotype diversity of hepatitis B virus among patients attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Genotypes in an Ecuadorian Population: A Preliminary Study.Advances in virology · 2024Article
- Concealed for a Long Time on the Marches of Empires: Hepatitis B Virus Genotype I.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- A Recent Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Genotypes and Subtypes in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Genetic diversity, haplotype analysis, and prevalence of Hepatitis B virus MHR mutations among isolates from Kenyan blood donors.PloS one · 2023Article
- Global prevalence and molecular characteristics of three clades within hepatitis B virus subgenotype C2: Predominance of the C2(3) clade in South Korea.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are a severe health concern worldwide. HBV is a DNA virus with a rapid rate of mutation. Based on heterogeneity of the nucleotide sequence, the HBV strains are divided into nine genotypes, each with a characteristic geographical distribution. Identifying and tracking alterations of HBV genotypes is important in epidemiological and transmission studies, and contributes to predicting the risk for development of severe liver disease and response to antiviral treatment. The present study was undertaken to detect HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes in the general population of different states and regions in Myanmar.
methodsIn 2015, a total of 5547 adults of the general population, residing in seven states, seven regions and the Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory, were screened for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) by the immunochromatographic test (ICT). Of the 353 HBsAg positive samples, the HBVDNA was identified using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the DNA sequences encoding the Pre-S region. A total of 153 PCR positive samples were subsequently subjected to genotyping by partial genome sequencing in both directions. The resulting sequences were then edited, aligned, and compared with reference sequences using the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) web-based genotyping tool.
resultsThree HBV genotypes (HBV genotype B, genotype C and genotype D) were detected in Myanmar, of which genotype HBV genotype C (66.7%) was the most prevalent, followed by HBV genotype D (32%) and HBV genotype B (1.3%). Sub-genotyping revealed a total of 7 variants within the B, C and D genotypes: 2 (B4 and B5) in HBV genotype B, 3 (C1, C5 and C7) in HBV genotype C, and 2 (D3 and D6) in HBV genotype D.
conclusionHBV genotype C, sub-genotype C1 was predominantly distributed in all states and regions of Myanmar. This study is the first report on the nationwide distribution of HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes in Myanmar. We believe our findings will enable huge support for the hepatitis disease surveillance program, since HBV infection is one of the National Priority Diseases in Myanmar.
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