ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2020
Using electrodermal activity to validate multilevel pain stimulation in healthy volunteers evoked by thermal grills.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- A tonic electrocutaneous stimulation paradigm for graded sensory C-fiber engagement in healthy subjects.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Wearable IoT-Enabled Galvanic Skin Response Device for Objective Pain and Stress Monitoring: Hardware Design and Prototype Development.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Sensor Locations for Electrodermal Activity Monitoring Using a Wearable Belt System.Journal of sensor and actuator networks · 2025Article
- Estimation of Pressure Pain in the Lower Limbs Using Electrodermal Activity, Tissue Oxygen Saturation, and Heart Rate Variability.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An AI recognition method for children's clinical operative pain by skin potential (SP) signal.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Elevation of spectral components of electrodermal activity precedes central nervous system oxygen toxicity symptoms in divers.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Non-Invasive Biosensing for Healthcare Using Artificial Intelligence: A Semi-Systematic Review.Biosensors · 2024Review
- Sex differences in autonomic functions and cognitive performance during cold-air exposure and cold-water partial immersion.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Objective Measurement of Subjective Pain Perception with Autonomic Body Reactions in Healthy Subjects and Chronic Back Pain Patients: An Experimental Heat Pain Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Differentiating between stress- and EPT-induced electrodermal activity during dental examination.Computers in biology and medicine · 2023Article
- Sympathetic Arousal Detection in Horses Using Electrodermal Activity.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Thermal illusions for thermal displays: a review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- Graphene e-tattoos for unobstructive ambulatory electrodermal activity sensing on the palm enabled by heterogeneous serpentine ribbons.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Comparison of Electrodermal Activity from Multiple Body Locations Based on Standard EDA Indices' Quality and Robustness against Motion Artifact.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Misophonia: Analysis of the neuroanatomic patterns at the basis of psychiatric symptoms and changes of the orthosympathetic/ parasympathetic balance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sensitive Physiological Indices of Pain Based on Differential Characteristics of Electrodermal Activity.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2021Article
- Objective pain stimulation intensity and pain sensation assessment using machine learning classification and regression based on electrodermal activity.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Article
- Real-Time High-Level Acute Pain Detection Using a Smartphone and a Wrist-Worn Electrodermal Activity Sensor.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Pain and Stress Detection Using Wearable Sensors and Devices-A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Seizures Caused by Exposure to Hyperbaric Oxygen in Rats Can Be Predicted by Early Changes in Electrodermal Activity.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have tested the feasibility of thermal grills, a harmless method to induce pain. The thermal grills consist of interlaced tubes that are set at cool or warm temperatures, creating a painful "illusion" (no tissue injury is caused) in the brain when the cool and warm stimuli are presented collectively. Advancement in objective pain assessment research is limited because the gold standard, the self-reporting pain scale, is highly subjective and only works for alert and cooperative patients. However, the main difficulty for pain studies is the potential harm caused to participants. We have recruited 23 subjects in whom we induced electric pulses and thermal grill (TG) stimulation. The TG effectively induced three different levels of pain, as evidenced by the visual analog scale (VAS) provided by the subjects after each stimulus. Furthermore, objective physiological measurements based on electrodermal activity showed a significant increase in levels as stimulation level increased. We found that VAS was highly correlated with the TG stimulation level. The TG stimulation safely elicited pain levels up to 9 out of 10. The TG stimulation allows for extending studies of pain to ranges of pain in which other stimuli are harmful.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.