Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32725228›Full record

ReviewClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020

Review of Methods Suitable for Environmental Surveillance of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi.

Graciela Matrajt, Lorraine Lillis, J Scott Meschke

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Environmental surveillance of pathogens in Africa.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Antibiotic Alternatives and Next-Generation Therapeutics forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Graciela MatrajtDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Lorraine LillisPATH, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Scott MeschkeDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
University of Washington · USProgram for Appropriate Technology in Health · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Typhoid fever is an enteric disease caused by the pathogens Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi. Clinical surveillance networks are lacking in many affected areas, thus presenting a need to understand transmission and population prevalence. Environmental surveillance (ES) has been suggested as a potentially effective method in the absence of (or in supplement to) clinical surveillance. This review summarizes methods identified in the literature for sampling and detection of typhoidal Salmonella from environmental samples including drinking water, wastewater, irrigation water, and surface waters. Methods described use a trap or grab sampling approach combined with various selective culture and molecular methods. The level to which the performance of identified methods is characterized for ES in the literature is variable, thus arguing for the optimization and standardization of ES techniques.

Indexed as

Paratyphoid FeverTyphoid FeverEnvironmental MonitoringHumansSalmonellaSalmonella paratyphi ASalmonella typhienvironmental surveillanceSalmonella ParatyphiSalmonella Typhisampling

Identifiers

PMID32725228
PMCPMC7388719
OpenAlexW3046229396

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.