ReviewClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Review on the Recent Advances on Typhoid Vaccine Development and Challenges Ahead.
Review in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of typhoid conjugate vaccines in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2026Pooled it
- Typhoid conjugate vaccines for preventing typhoid fever (enteric fever).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of Vi-diphtheria toxoid typhoid conjugate vaccine among children below 2 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of conjugate vaccine for typhoid (Vi-DT): Finding from an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomized, non-inferiority, phase III clinical trial among healthy volunteers.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- A randomized, observer-blind, controlled phase III clinical trial assessing safety and immunological non-inferiority of Vi-diphtheria toxoid versus Vi-tetanus toxoid typhoid conjugate vaccine in healthy volunteers in eastern Nepal.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- A multicenter, single-blind, randomized, phase-2/3 study to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of a single intramuscular dose of biological E's Vi-capsular polysaccharide-CRMHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine in healthy volunteers in Nepal: an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Protection by vaccination of children against typhoid fever with a Vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in urban Bangladesh: a cluster-randomised trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Research progress on immunoprotective mechanisms of enteric fever and vaccine development.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes Related to Food Hygiene Among Food Business Operators in Attica, Greece.Cureus · 2026Article
- Carbapenem-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical Audit of Enteric Fever Diagnostic Practices at Kosti Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Evaluation.Cureus · 2026Article
- Observational
- Preclinical evaluation of a bivalent conjugate vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The long-term impact of vaccine clinical research on national stakeholders involved: Experience from a low-income Country.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Immunostimulatory Pickering emulsion for oral vaccine delivery.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Evasion of serum antibodies and complement by Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- SHASI-ML: a machine learning-based approach for immunogenicity prediction inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Genetic engineering ofEcoSal Plus · 2024Review
- Antimicrobial potential of Hippocratea Indica Willd. Acetone Leaf fractions against Salmonella Typhi: an in vitro and in silico study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Control of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi), the agent of typhoid fever, continues to be a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. The major transmission route of S. typhi is fecal-oral, through contaminated food and water; thus, the ultimate measures for typhoid fever prevention and control include the provision of safe water, improved sanitation, and hygiene. Considering the increasing evidence of the global burden of typhoid, particularly among young children, and the long-term horizon for sustained, effective water and sanitation improvements in low-income settings, a growing consensus is to emphasize preventive vaccination. This review provides an overview of the licensed typhoid vaccines and vaccine candidates under development, and the challenges ahead for introduction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.