ReviewClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
The Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP), Severe Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa (SETA), Surveillance of Enteric Fever in India (SEFI), and Strategic Typhoid Alliance Across Africa and Asia (STRATAA) Population-based Enteric Fever Studies: A Review of Methodological Similarities and Differences.
Review in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990-2021.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of typhoid conjugate vaccine: final analysis of a 4-year, phase 3, randomised controlled trial in Malawian children.Lancet (London, England) · 2024Trial
- Recent developments in typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella vaccines.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Environmental surveillance for Salmonella Typhi to detect the typhoid burden in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial susceptibility trends of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi in a post-COVID-19 pandemic India, from a multicenter surveillance network.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- WHO preferred product characteristics for bivalent Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi A vaccine for comprehensive protection against enteric fever- key considerations and research gaps.Gates open research · 2025Review
- Conference report of the 2024 Antimicrobial Resistance Meeting.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2024Article
- Longevity of immune response after a single dose of typhoid conjugate vaccine against Salmonella Typhi among children in Hyderabad, Pakistan.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2024Article
- Exploring the Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Incidence, antimicrobial susceptibility & out of pocket expenditure of severe enteric fever in Chandigarh, north India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Evolving Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance in Enteric Fever: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Incidence of typhoid fever in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria (the Severe Typhoid in Africa programme): a population-based study.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Article
- The Identification of Enteric Fever-Specific Antigens for Population-Based Serosurveillance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Population Enumeration and Household Utilization Survey Methods in the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH):Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A Prolonged Outbreak of Enteric Fever Associated With Illegal Miners in the City of Matlosana, South Africa, November 2020-September 2022.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Mapping the incidence rate of typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Clinical presentation and outcome of enteric fever in adult patients with cancer: a perspective from Pakistan.Access microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
39 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Building on previous multicountry surveillance studies of typhoid and others salmonelloses such as the Diseases of the Most Impoverished program and the Typhoid Surveillance in Africa Project, several ongoing blood culture surveillance studies are generating important data about incidence, severity, transmission, and clinical features of invasive Salmonella infections in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. These studies are also characterizing drug resistance patterns in their respective study sites. Each study answers a different set of research questions and employs slightly different methodologies, and the geographies under surveillance differ in size, population density, physician practices, access to healthcare facilities, and access to microbiologically safe water and improved sanitation. These differences in part reflect the heterogeneity of the epidemiology of invasive salmonellosis globally, and thus enable generation of data that are useful to policymakers in decision-making for the introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCVs). Moreover, each study is evaluating the large-scale deployment of TCVs, and may ultimately be used to assess post-introduction vaccine impact. The data generated by these studies will also be used to refine global disease burden estimates. It is important to ensure that lessons learned from these studies not only inform vaccination policy, but also are incorporated into sustainable, low-cost, integrated vaccine-preventable disease surveillance systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.