ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2020
The B cell immunobiology that underlies CNS autoantibody-mediated diseases.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screening for pathogenic neuronal autoantibodies in serum and CSF of patients with first-episode psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Associations of viral infections and antiviral vaccinations with anti-NMDAR and other forms of autoimmune encephalitis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Structural basis of IgLON5 autoantibody recognition in autoimmune encephalitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The cascade to pathogenicity in autoantibody-mediated CNS diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Compartmentalized B cell-microglia crosstalk drives ischemic white matter demyelination.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Anti-CD320 Autoantibodies and Central Nervous System Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Idiopathic Myelopathy.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Dynamic single-cell transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells identifies novel biomarkers for autoimmune encephalitis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Encephalopathy: Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2026Review
- AMPAR immunization induces progressive autoimmune encephalitis with autoreactive B cells in the brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Seizure characteristics and neurological outcomes in pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a cohort study from Southern China.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Peripheral nerve injury reduces macrophage efferocytosis to facilitate neuropathic pain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Patient-Derived Monoclonal Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Autoantibodies Mediate Cytotoxicity.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Adaptive immunity in the neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's disease.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Telitacicept Inhibits the Maturation and Differentiation of B Lymphocytes in NMOSD.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Acute neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation per se do not trigger secondary autoimmune encephalitis in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Renin-Angiotensin System Autoantibody Network in Parkinson's Disease Patients.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Uremic Toxins, CKD, and Cognitive Dysfunction.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy for autoimmune encephalitis.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Neuronal pSTAT1 hallmarks synaptic pathology in autoimmune encephalitis against intracellular antigens.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Permissive central tolerance plus defective peripheral checkpoints license pathogenic memory B cells in CASPR2-antibody encephalitis.Science advances · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A rapidly expanding and clinically distinct group of CNS diseases are caused by pathogenic autoantibodies that target neuroglial surface proteins. Despite immunotherapy, patients with these neuroglial surface autoantibody (NSAb)-mediated diseases often experience clinical relapse, high rates of long-term morbidity and adverse effects from the available medications. Fundamentally, the autoantigen-specific B cell lineage leads to production of the pathogenic autoantibodies. These autoantigen-specific B cells have been consistently identified in the circulation of patients with NSAb-mediated diseases, accompanied by high serum levels of autoantigen-specific antibodies. Early evidence suggests that these cells evade well-characterized B cell tolerance checkpoints. Nearer to the site of pathology, cerebrospinal fluid from patients with NSAb-mediated diseases contains high levels of autoantigen-specific B cells that are likely to account for the intrathecal synthesis of these autoantibodies. The characteristics of their immunoglobulin genes offer insights into the underlying immunobiology. In this Review, we summarize the emerging knowledge of B cells across the NSAb-mediated diseases. We review the evidence for the relative contributions of germinal centres and long-lived plasma cells as sources of autoantibodies, discuss data that indicate migration of B cells into the CNS and summarize insights into the underlying B cell pathogenesis that are provided by therapeutic effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.