ArticlePublic health nutrition2020
Changes to dietary and health outcomes following implementation of the 2012 updated US Department of Agriculture school nutrition standards: analysis using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2016.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Structural interventions that affect racial inequities and their impact on population health outcomes: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Equal school meals for all - differentiation of school meals according to school social index.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Variable improvement in whole grain consumption among youth by school lunch participation level in the United States: Findings from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- The annual feasibility and affordability of a healthy diet for families with children in Israel by income quintile and geographic area of residency.Israel journal of health policy research · 2025Article
- Implementation of Flexibilities to the National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs and Their Impact on Schools in Missouri.Nutrients · 2023Article
- School nutrition laws in the US: do they influence obesity among youth in a racially/ethnically diverse state?International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Article
- Factor Analysis Reduces Complex Measures of Nutrition Environments in US Elementary and Middle Schools into Cohesive Dimensions in the Healthy Communities Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- School meals matter: federal policy can improve children's nutrition and health (JiaPublic health nutrition · 2020Article
- Meal Quality of Entrées That Can Be Sold as Competitive Foods in Schools and Potential Impact of the Proposed USDA Rollbacks.Nutrients · 2020Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveIn 2012, the US government overhauled school nutrition standards, but few studies have evaluated the effects of these standards at the national level. The current study examines the impact of the updated school nutrition standards on dietary and health outcomes of schoolchildren in a nationally representative data set.
designDifference-in-differences. We compared weekday fruit and vegetable intake between students with daily school lunch participation and students without school lunch participation before and after implementation of updated school nutrition standards using a multivariable linear regression model. Secondary outcomes included weekday solid fat and added sugar (SoFAS) intake and overweight and obesity prevalence. We adjusted analyses for demographic and family socio-economic factors.
settingUSA.
participantsK-12 students, aged 6-20 years (n 9172), from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2016.
resultsImplementation of updated school nutrition standards was not associated with a change in weekday fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0·02 cups, 95 % CI -0·23, 0·26) for students with daily school lunch participation. However, implementation of the policy was associated with a 1·5 percentage point (95 % CI -3·0, -0·1) decline in weekday SoFAS intake and a 6·1 percentage point (95 % CI -12·1, -0·1) decline in overweight and obesity prevalence.
conclusionsChanges to US school nutrition standards were associated with reductions in the consumption of SoFAS as well as a decrease in overweight and obesity in children who eat school lunch. However, we did not detect a change in weekday intake of fruits and vegetables associated with the policy change.
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