Trial reportAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2020
Prevalence and abundance of selected genes conferring macrolide resistance genes in COPD patients during maintenance treatment with azithromycin.
Trial report in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00985244 (Influence of Macrolide Maintenance Therapy and Bacterial Colonisation on Exacerbation Frequency and Progression of COPD, a Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Influence of Macrolide Maintenance Therapy and Bacterial Colonisation on Exacerbation Frequency and Progression of COPD, a Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Long-Term Macrolide Exposure on the Oropharyngeal Microbiome and Macrolide Resistance in Healthy Adults and Consequences for Onward Transmission of Resistance.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Trial
- Review
- Mechanisms, Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacoeconomics of Low-Dose, Long-Term Macrolide Antibiotics in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Long-Term Macrolides in Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Dusk or a New Dawn? A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Natural Products for the Management of Asthma and COPD.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2025Review
- Baseline azithromycin resistance in the gut microbiota of preterm born infants.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- GPCRs and fibroblast heterogeneity in fibroblast-associated diseases.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2023Review
- Antibiotic resistance in chronic respiratory diseases: from susceptibility testing to the resistome.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- ERS International Congress 2021: highlights from the Respiratory Infections Assembly.ERJ open research · 2022Review
- The Role of Non-TypeableFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesMaintenance treatment with macrolide antibiotics has shown to be effective in reducing exacerbations in COPD patients. A major concern with prolonged treatment with antibiotics is the development of bacterial resistance. In this study we determined the effect of azithromycin on the development and acquisition of resistance to macrolides in the nasopharyngeal flora in COPD patients.
methodsThis study was part of the COLUMBUS trial, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to measure the effect of maintenance treatment with azithromycin in 92 COPD patients on the exacerbation rates during a 12-month period. In order to determine resistance to macrolides, we used a targeted metagenomic approach to measure the presence and relative abundance of specific macrolide resistance genes ermB, ermF and mefA in throat samples collected at different time-points during this 12-month period.
resultsThere was no increased risk for acquisition of macrolide resistance genes in the azithromycin group compared to the placebo group in COPD patients. However, loss of the macrolide resistance gene ermB was increased overtime in the placebo treated group compared to the azithromycin group (n = 5 for the placebo group versus n = 0 for the azithromycin group at 12 months; p = 0.012). The change in relative abundance of the three macrolide-resistance genes showed that all but one (ermF) increased during treatment with azithromycin.
conclusionsThe acquisition rate of macrolide resistance genes in COPD patients treated with azithromycin maintenance therapy was limited, but the relative abundance of macrolide resistance genes increased significantly over time compared to placebo. This study was part of the COLUMBUS trial ( Clinicaltrials.gov , NCT00985244 ).
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