ArticleBMC veterinary research2020
Bacillus subtilis spore vaccines displaying protective antigen induce functional antibodies and protective potency.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineered live bacteria for liver diseases and gut-liver axis disorders: from genetic modification to advanced delivery systems.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Targeting dengue through mucosal vaccination: the potential of NS1 and bacterial spore-based delivery platforms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Surface Display of Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 VP1 Protein on Bacillus subtilis Spores Elicits Specific Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses on Mice.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Toxicity study of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein expressed on Bacillus subtilis spores.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Oral administration of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Staphylococcus aureus IsdB induces mucosal immune responses in mice.Biotechnology letters · 2025Article
- Surface display of Nocardia seriolae HRP1 on Bacillus subtilis and its application as live vaccine for largemouth bass.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bacillus subtilis surface display technology: applications in bioprocessing and sustainable manufacturing.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2025Review
- Display of Lignin Peroxidase on the Surface of Bacillus subtilis.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Commensal microbiome and gastrointestinal mucosal immunity: Harmony and conflict with our closest neighbor.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- Mucosal Immunization with Spore-Based Vaccines againstVaccines · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Immunity Responses in Mice to RecombinantMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Construction and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Expressing HA1 Protein of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus.Current microbiology · 2023Article
- Development of a spore-based mucosal vaccine against the bovine respiratory pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Incorporation of a Chemically Diverse Set of Non-Standard Amino Acids into a Gram-Positive Organism.Bio-protocol · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and Applications of Bacterial Sporulation and Germination in the Intestine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hacking Commensal Bacteria to Consolidate the Adaptive Mucosal Immune Response in the Gut-Lung Axis: Future Possibilities for SARS-CoV-2 Protection.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2022Review
- Oral vaccination of fish against vibriosis using spore-display technology.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, a disease of both humans and various animal species, and can be used as a bioterror agent. Effective vaccines are available, but those could benefit from improvements, including increasing the immunity duration, reducing the shot frequency and adverse reactions. In addition, more sophisticated antigen delivery and potentiation systems are urgently required. The protective antigen (PA), one of three major virulence factors associated with anthrax was displayed on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores, which is a vaccine production host and delivery vector with several advantages such as a low production cost, straightforward administration as it is safe for human consumption and the particulate adjuvanticity. Mice were immunized orally (PO), intranasally (IN), sublingually (SL) or intraperitoneally (IP) with the PA displaying probiotic spore vaccine. Clinical observation, serological analysis and challenge experiment were conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine.
resultsA/J mice immunized with the PA spore vaccine via PO, IN, SL, and IP were observed to have increased levels of active antibody titer, isotype profiles and toxin neutralizing antibody in sera, and IgA in saliva. The immunized mice were demonstrated to raise protective immunity against the challenge with lethal B. anthracis spores.
conclusionsIn this study, we developed a B. subtilis spore vaccine that displays the PA on its surface and showed that the PA-displaying spore vaccine was able to confer active immunity to a murine model based on the results of antibody isotype titration, mucosal antibody identification, and a lethal challenge experiment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.