Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32722424›Full record

Trial reportNutrients2020

Effect of Choline Forms and Gut Microbiota Composition on Trimethylamine-

Clara E Cho, Niklas D J Aardema, Madison L Bunnell, Deanna P Larson, Sheryl S Aguilar, Janet R Bergeson, Olga V Malysheva, Marie A Caudill, Michael Lefevre

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06687122 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Additional Daily Intake of Eggs for Improving Metabolic Outcomes and Choline Levels in Individuals With Obesity: Phase I Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of GuelphRan2025 to 2026Enrolled20ConditionsObesity and Obesity-related Medical ConditionsArms3 whole eggs
NCT06758856 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

ABC (Additional Betaine and Choline) Study: Effect of Betaine and Choline Intake on Biomarkers of Metabolic Health in Humans

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of GuelphRan2025 to 2025Enrolled34ConditionsObesity and Obesity-related Medical ConditionsArmsTrimethylglycine, Eggs, Cellulose
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Gut microbes · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Nutrients · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Intermittent Fasting: Implications for Obesity-Related Colorectal Tumorigenesis.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2025
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Clara E ChoDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Niklas D J AardemaDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Madison L BunnellDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Deanna P LarsonDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Sheryl S AguilarDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Janet R BergesonDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Olga V MalyshevaDivision of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Marie A CaudillDivision of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7192-5743
Michael LefevreDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2046-3593
Utah State University · USCornell University · US

Funding

Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Seed Grants Program
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTrimethylamine-

methodsIn a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, crossover study, healthy men (

resultsCholine bitartrate yielded three-times greater plasma TMAO AUC (

conclusionGiven that phosphatidylcholine is the major form of choline in food, the absence of TMAO elevation with phosphatidylcholine counters arguments that phosphatidylcholine should be avoided due to TMAO-producing characteristics. Further, development of individualized dietary recommendations based on the gut microbiome may be effective in reducing disease risk.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsAdultBiomarkersCardiovascular DiseasesCholineCross-Over StudiesDietDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHealthy VolunteersHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleMealsMethylaminesBiomarkersCholineMethylaminesPhosphatidylcholinestrimethyloxaminecholinedietary precursor intakegut microbiotametabolismtrimethylamine-N-oxide

Identifiers

PMID32722424
PMCPMC7468900
OpenAlexW3045311848

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.