ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2020
Influenza virus vaccination in children with nephrotic syndrome: insignificant risk of relapse.
Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines and Disease Relapses in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2021Trial
- Post vaccination acute kidney injury and other renal complications after COVID-19 and influenza vaccination.World journal of nephrology · 2026Article
- Association of COVID-19 vaccination with relapsed nephrotic syndrome and new onset nephrotic syndrome in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Is influenza vaccination associated with nephrotic syndrome relapse in children? A multicenter prospective study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity and safety of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in patients with nephrotic syndrome receiving immunosuppressive agents.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease after the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: two cases.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- Influenza virus vaccination in pediatric nephrotic syndrome significantly reduces rate of relapse and influenza virus infection as assessed in a nationwide survey.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury following CoronaVac anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Clinical kidney journal · 2021Article
- De Novo and Relapsing Glomerular Diseases After COVID-19 Vaccination: What Do We Know So Far?American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2021Article
- Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: Revised Guidelines.Indian pediatrics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunization with various vaccines is considered desirable for children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) because of their high risk of severe infections. Vaccinations may precipitate relapses of NS, but there is no available data regarding inactivated influenza (flu) virus vaccines.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with NS who had received flu vaccines between 2002 and 2015. The day of flu vaccination was defined as day 0, and the period between the pre-vaccination and the post-vaccination days was defined as - X to + Y. The risk ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for NS relapse rate were estimated by generalized estimating equation (GEE) Poisson regression.
resultsA total of 104 pediatric patients received 208 flu vaccines. The mean age at onset of NS was at 4.85 ± 3.87 years old. There were 261 NS relapses between days - 180 and + 180. Compared with the relapse rate in the - 180 to 0 interval (1.19 times/person-year), those in 0 to + 30 (1.23), + 31 to + 60 (1.58), + 61 to + 90 (1.41), + 91 to + 120 (1.41), and + 121 to + 180 (1.32) days groups were slightly increased, but without significance. Multivariate analysis using GEE Poisson regression also showed no significant increase in relapse rate in each day group compared with days - 180 to 0. Risk ratios for NS relapse were significantly higher in children who were treated with steroids at the first vaccination.
conclusionsOur results suggest that flu vaccines should not be avoided in children with NS based on the potential for NS relapses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.