ReviewFrontiers in physiology2020
The Brain and the Bladder: Forebrain Control of Urinary (In)Continence.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-population GWAS meta-analysis identifies bladder cancer susceptibility loci and highlights genetic regulation of smoking-related risk.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation: a systematic review and contemporary management of 389 cases reported during the last two decades.Neurosurgical review · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Individual and Institutional Factors Associated With Urinary Incontinence Among Nursing Home Residents: A Multilevel Analysis.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Observational
- The cerebro-pelvic axis: a unified framework linking higher brain function, pelvic floor control, and lower urinary tract dysfunction.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- The mechanism of action of neuromodulation in the treatment of overactive bladder.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- SST neurons in the periaqueductal gray regulate urination and bladder function.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Urinary Incontinence in Men and Women After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- The Sex-Dependent Ameliorative Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Urinary System Functions in Genetic Absence Epileptic Rats.Biology · 2025Article
- Limbic system synaptic dysfunctions associated with prion disease onset.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- Comparative Neuroexcitation Patterns Using fNIRS in Women With Overactive Bladder.Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Altered domain-specific striatal functional connectivity in patients with Parkinson's disease and urinary symptoms.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated factors in nursing homes: a multicentre cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Complex Dysautonomia in a Patient With Cerebral Cavernous Malformations Due to a KRIT1 Pleiotropic Gene Mutation.Cureus · 2024Article
- Research and progress on the mechanism of lower urinary tract neuromodulation: a literature review.PeerJ · 2024Review
- Aging and urinary control: Alterations in the brain-bladder axis.Aging cell · 2023Review
- A review of the neural control of micturition in dogs and cats: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neuroplasticity.Veterinary research communications · 2022Review
- Afferent nerve activity in a mouse model increases with faster bladder filling rates in vitro, but voiding behavior remains unaltered in vivo.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neural circuits extending from the cerebral cortex to the bladder maintain urinary continence and allow voiding when it is socially appropriate. Injuries to certain brain regions produce a specific disruption known as urge incontinence. This neurologic symptom is distinguished by bladder spasticity, with sudden urges to void and frequent inability to maintain continence. The precise localization of neural circuit disruptions responsible for urge incontinence remains poorly defined, partly because the brain regions, cell types, and circuit connections that normally maintain continence are unknown. Here, we review what is known about the micturition reflex circuit and about forebrain control of continence from experimental animal studies and human lesion data. Based on this information, we hypothesize that urge incontinence results from damage to a descending pathway that normally maintains urinary continence. This pathway begins with excitatory neurons in the prefrontal cortex and relays subcortically, through inhibitory neurons that may help suppress reflex micturition during sleep and until it is safe and socially appropriate to void. Identifying the specific cell types and circuit connections that constitute the continence-promoting pathway, from the forebrain to the brainstem, will help us better understand why some brain lesions and neurodegenerative diseases disrupt continence. This information is needed to pave the way toward better treatments for neurologic patients suffering from urge incontinence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.