ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2020
Structural and Functional Refinement of the Axon Initial Segment in Avian Cochlear Nucleus during Development.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Axon Initial Segment: Structure, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Deletion of the calcium-binding protein S100β alters axon initial segment development in the visual cortex.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
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- Article
- Axo-axonic synaptic input drives homeostatic plasticity by tuning the axon initial segment structurally and functionally.Science advances · 2024Article
- Live imaging of excitable axonal microdomains in ankyrin-G-GFP mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Static magnetic stimulation induces structural plasticity at the axon initial segment of inhibitory cortical neurons.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparative expression analysis of the Atoh7 gene regulatory network in the mouse and chicken auditory hindbrain.Cell and tissue research · 2023Article
- Review
- CDK5/p35-Dependent Microtubule Reorganization Contributes to Homeostatic Shortening of the Axon Initial Segment.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cellular Strategies for Frequency-Dependent Computation of Interaural Time Difference.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2022Review
- Formin Activity and mDia1 Contribute to Maintain Axon Initial Segment Composition and Structure.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Tonotopic Specializations in Number, Size, and Reversal Potential of GABAergic Inputs Fine-Tune Temporal Coding at Avian Cochlear Nucleus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Pathophysiological Roles of Abnormal Axon Initial Segments in Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Cells · 2021Review
- Brief Sensory Deprivation Triggers Cell Type-Specific Structural and Functional Plasticity in Olfactory Bulb Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Sensory input drives rapid homeostatic scaling of the axon initial segment in mouse barrel cortex.Nature communications · 2021Article
- A Picture Worth a Thousand Molecules-Integrative Technologies for Mapping Subcellular Molecular Organization and Plasticity in Developing Circuits.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) is involved in action potential initiation. Structural and biophysical characteristics of the AIS differ among cell types and/or brain regions, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Using immunofluorescence and electrophysiological methods, combined with super-resolution imaging, we show in the developing nucleus magnocellularis of the chicken in both sexes that the AIS is refined in a tonotopic region-dependent manner. This process of AIS refinement differs among cells tuned to different frequencies. At hearing onset, the AIS was ∼50 µm long with few voltage-gated sodium channels regardless of tonotopic region. However, after hatching, the AIS matured and displayed an ∼20-µm-long structure with a significant enrichment of sodium channels responsible for an increase in sodium current and a decrease in spike threshold. Moreover, the shortening was more pronounced, while the accumulation of channels was not, in neurons tuned to higher frequency, creating tonotopic differences in the AIS. We conclude that AIS shortening is mediated by disassembly of the cytoskeleton at the distal end of the AIS, despite intact periodicity of the submembranous cytoskeleton across the AIS. Importantly, deprivation of afferent input diminished the shortening in neurons tuned to a higher frequency to a larger extent in posthatch animals, with little effect on the accumulation of sodium channels. Thus, cytoskeletal reorganization and sodium channel enrichment at the AIS are differentially regulated depending on tonotopic region, but work synergistically to optimize neuronal output in the auditory nucleus.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.