ReviewNutrients2020
Postbiotics-A Step Beyond Pre- and Probiotics.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 396 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
396 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Probiotics and Their Functional Role in Mitigating Antinutrient Effects In Vivo-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Pooled it
- Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics for Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Postbiotics as a novel intervention for obesity management and improving metabolic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiome-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents aged up to 19 years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Postbiotics Formulation and Therapeutic Effect in Inflammation: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Pooled it
- A Heat-Inactivated Two-StrainNutrients · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of the Safety and Impact of Heat-TreatedJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Trial
- Clinical trial of the effects of postbiotic supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and clinical outcomes in patients with CVA.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Postbiotics enhance immune competence in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii): linking innate immunity, apoptosis, and resistance to bacterial infection.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Beyond Probiotics: Postbiotics for Healthy Aquaculture.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Development of Pharmabiotic Gel-Serums withGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Role of Postbiotics in Poultry Health and Performance: A Review on Existing Knowledge and Further Research Needs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Metabolic shifts driven by host-microbial interactions.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Probiotics in Autoimmune Disease: Strain-specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Effects of Vacuum Freeze-Drying and Spray-Drying Coupled with Maltodextrin andFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional Characterization of Breast Milk-DerivedMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Postbiotics Against Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review Bridging Preclinical Evidence with Potential Clinical Application.Cancers · 2026Review
- Postbiotics in Food Systems: Components, Production Methods, Food Applications, Functional Properties, and Technological Challenges.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Postbiotics: a promising tool in personalized medicine approach for the inflammatory disorders.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
336 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota can lead to the development of several diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes, cancer, among others), the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to alter the gut microbiome has attracted recent interest. Postbiotics include any substance released by or produced through the metabolic activity of the microorganism, which exerts a beneficial effect on the host, directly or indirectly. As postbiotics do not contain live microorganisms, the risks associated with their intake are minimized. Here, we provided a critical review of postbiotics described in the literature, including their mechanisms of action, clinical characteristics, and potential therapeutic applications. We detailed the pleiotropic effects of postbiotics, including their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. Although the use of postbiotics is an attractive strategy for altering the microbiome, further study into its efficacy and safety is warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.